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movement disorders > differential > Flashcards

differential Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 most common sites of viscerogenic pain?

A

back and shoulder

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2
Q

primary prevention

A

stopping the processes that lead to development of diseases, illnesses, and other pathological conditions

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3
Q

secondary prevention

A

early detection of diseases, illness and other pathological diseases through regular screening

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4
Q

tertiary prevention

A

providing ways to limit the degree of disability while improving function in pts/clts w/ chronic and/or irreversible diseases

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5
Q

what is the single most important tool in screening?

A

client interview ( personal/family history)

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6
Q

what is the 5th vital sign?

A

pain along with BP, temp, pulse and respiration

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7
Q

embryologic development

A

pain is referred to a site where the organ was located in fetal development; its nerves persist in referring sensations from the former locations

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8
Q

multisegmental innervation

A

Viscera have multisegmental innervation by ANS
Ex: cardiac pain is not felt in the heart, but is referred to areas supplied by the corresponding spinal nerves (C3-T4; jaw, neck, upper traps, shoulder, arm). Pain of cardiac/diaphragmatic origin felt in shoulder b/c of C5 innervation.

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9
Q

c5 innervates?

A

C5 innervates heart, diaphragm, and shoulder

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10
Q

direct pressure and shared pathways

A

Pathology of organs causes inflammation, infection, and obstruction which brings them in contact with the respiratory diaphragm
Anything that impinges the central diaphragm can refer pain to the shoulder and anything that impinges the peripheral diaphragm can refer pain to the ipsilateral costal margins and/or lumbar spine

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11
Q

what scale for pain is best for children?

A

face pain scale

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12
Q

what pain scale is best for children 0-18 months?

A

child facial coding system

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13
Q

what is the VAS?

A

visual analog scale of pain , 0 to 10 cm

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14
Q

NRS is?

A

numeric rating scale

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15
Q

whats is the SF-36?

A

assessment of bodily pain along with general measure of health-related quality of life

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16
Q

blurred vision, double vision, scotomas or temp blindness can indicate?

A

early symptoms of MS or impending CVA

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17
Q

true or false?

visceral pleura feels more pain than parital

A

false

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18
Q

visceral pain is not well localized for what 2 reasons?

A

innervation of the viscera is multi segmental

there are few nerve receptors in these structures

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19
Q

neuropathic pain

A

results from damage to or pathophysiologic changes of the peripheral or central nervous system (CNS)

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20
Q

referred pain

A

felt in an area far from the site of the lesion but supplied by the same or adjacent neural segments

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21
Q

visceral pain is not reproduced by ________ and hurts ______ and gets ___ with rest

A

movement
all the time
no better

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22
Q

true or false
Ischemic pain of the viscera is sudden, intense, constant and progressive in severity and intensity. Not relieved by position or analgesics.

A

true

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23
Q

joint pain in the presence of fatigue may be a red flag for?

A

cancer, anxity, depression

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24
Q

true or false

joint pain is a common side effect of statins?

A

true

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25
Q

risk factors for infelicitous arthritis include?

A

over 80 yo, DM, IV drugs, catheters, RA. OA, immunocompromised conditions

26
Q

radicular pain

A

results from direct irritation of axons of a spinal nerve or neurons in the DRG and is experienced in the MS system in a dermatome, sclerotome, or myotome

27
Q

Pain from pleura or trachea correlates with

A

respiratory movement

28
Q

arterial pain is said to feel like _______

A

throbbing

29
Q

if ur gallbladder hurts, u tend to_____ for relief

A

trunk flexion

30
Q

to relieve right kidney pain, one would?

A

flex and sb right

31
Q

pancreas pain is relieved by?

A

sitting up and leaning forward or knees to chest

32
Q

joint pain can refer?

A

to the joint above or below

33
Q

heart refers to

A

shoulder, neck, upper back and TMJ

34
Q

Disproportionate relief of bone pain with aspirin is red flag for

A

osteoid osteoma

35
Q

n an acute care or trauma setting the therapist may be using vital signs and the ABCGE

A 
airway
breathing
circulation
disability
exposure
36
Q

what is AMPLE?

A 
used in hx of trauma unit
allergies
medication
past medical hx
last meal
events of injury
37
Q

metal status includes?

A

lvl of consciousness
orientation
ability to communicate

38
Q

iatrogenic delirium last for?

A

ususally temp but can last hours to several weeks

39
Q

delirum is much more associated with what?

A

hip fx

hip and knee joint replacements

40
Q

true of false

confusion is normal sign of aging

A

false

41
Q

fruity breath odor

A

diabetic ketoacidosis

42
Q

what is the easiest and most economic and fastest way to screen for systematic illnesses?

A

taking vital signs

43
Q

what is a paradoxic pulse?

A

pulse amp that fades with inspiration and strengthens with expiration and should be reported

44
Q

a pulse increase of more than ______ bpm lasting for more than 3 mins after rest should be reported

A

20

45
Q

normal breaths per min is?

A

12-20

46
Q

pulse pressure equals

A

systolic - dyastolic

47
Q

norm pulse pressure should be

A

40 mmHG

48
Q

pulse pressure of greater than 60-80 is a flag for

A

a fib

49
Q

narrowing pulse pressure indicative of?

A

CHF, blood loss

50
Q

in a normal person u would see a increase pulse pressure because of a raise in the ______but not the _______

A

SBP

DBP

51
Q

women taking birth control pills may be at increased risk of?

A

hypertension
heart attack
stroke

52
Q

true or false

the right ventricle becomes less elastic and more noncompliant as we age

A

false

left ventricle

53
Q

140/90

A

hypertension

54
Q

excessive morning BP increase is a predictor of?

A

stroke in older adults known with hypertension

55
Q

hypotensions is

A

90/60

56
Q

Virchow’s node=

A

enlargement of one of the supraclavicular lymph nodes in the presence of primary carcinoma of thoracic or abdominal organsmore common on left side

57
Q

reflex ratings are

A

0=absent; no response
1+=low normal; decreased; slight muscle contraction
2+=normal; visible muscle twitch producing movement of arm/leg
3+=more brisk than normal, increased or exaggerated; may not indicate disease
4+=hyperactive; very brisk; clonus; spinal cord disorder suspected

58
Q

CN II, III, IV are screened for

A

visual problems

59
Q

PVD first signs are usually

A

skin changes

60
Q

PVD risk factors

A

: bedrest, immobility, IV catheters, obesity, MI, heart failure, pregnancy, post op, coag issues. Others include: age, smoking, HTN, HLD, claudication

61
Q

Strongest predictor of UE thrombosis

A

indwelling central venous catheter

62
Q

Murphy’s percussion test

A

sed in presence of costovertebral tenderness: used to rule out kidney involvement

movement disorders (3 decks)

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