Prostate Cancer Flashcards
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is specific for cancer
a. true
b. false
b. false
specific to the prostate, not for cancer
glycoprotein produced by epithelial cells of the prostate
Normal PSA level is < __ ng/mL
4
Levels > 10 ng/mL has 67% positive biopsy
levels 4-10 ng/mL have 30-35% positive
The ___ score ranges from 1-5 and describes how much the cancer from a biopsy looks like healthy tissue or abnormal tissue (higher score)
Gleason
most cancers score a grade of 3 or higher
What oral antiandrogen is for both castrate sensitive and castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer?
enzalutamide
Which BRCA drug requires renal dosing
olaparib
What chemotherapy agent is only used in prostate cancer?
cabazitaxel
___ is radiation delivered directly to the prostate
brachytherapy
___ is the most common first generation antiandrogen
bicalutamide
What drug has the brand names Lupron or Eligard?
leuprolide
What is the newest FDA approved drug for prostate cancer?
Relugolix
What is the preferred initial therapy for low risk disease with life expectancy < 10 years?
observation
Radium 223 is useful in pts with __ disease to the bones.
metastatic
Abiraterone, docetaxel, cabazitaxel, and mitoxantrone are given along with ___
prednisone
Which drug has less risk for falls?
darolutamide
__ is a tumor marker monitored during active surveillance
PSA
What drug is only for MSI-H/dMMR?
pembrolizumab
LHRH ___ avoid tumor flares
a. agonists
b. antagonists
b. antagonists
What drug is taken on an empty stomach?
abiraterone
Triptorelin is a LHRH ___
a. agonist
b. antagonist
a. agonist
___ is preferred in very low risk disease with life expectancy > 20 years, and low risk with life expectancy > 10 years
a. observation
b. active surveillance
b. active surveillance
actively monitor disease; if cancer progresses potentially curative therapy considered
PSA every 6 months
DRE every 12 months
repeat biopsies every 12 months
With observation if symptomatic use ___ therapy
a. curative
b. palliative
b. palliative
repeat biopsy not recommended
PSA and DRE every 6 months
Advantage: avoid immediate morbidity associated with treatment
4 LHRH agonists:
goserelin
leuprolide
triptorelin
histrelin
Most commonly used first generation antiandrogen?
bicalutamide
3 first gen anti androgens:
- flutamide
- bicalutamide
- nilutamide
not used as monotherapy
2 LHRH antagonists:
- degarelix
- relugolix
faster drop of testosterone levels: < 50 by 7 days
avoids tumor flare, no need for anti-androgen therapy
lower risk of CV incidents
