Prostate cancer

Question 1

Can prostate cancer be asymptomatic?

Answer 1

prostate cancer often begins asymptomatic leads to symptoms as tumour increases in size

Question 2

What are symptoms of prostate cancer?

Answer 2

• LUTS symptoms = storage and voiding symptoms

- FUND HIPS

Question 3

What are storage symptoms?

Answer 3

1. Frequency
2. Urgency
3. Nocturia
4. Dysuria

Question 4

What are voiding symptoms?

Answer 4

1. Hesitancy
2. Incomplete voiding
3. Poor stream

Question 5

What are additional symptoms for prostate cancer over BPH?

Answer 5

1. Haematuria
2. Metastatic spread
3. Bone pain
4. Cord compression
5. FLAWS

Question 6

What bedside tests are done for prostate cancer?

Answer 6

1. urinalysis: exclude UTI and check for blood

2. DRE

Question 7

What DRE show in prostate cancer?

Answer 7

1. asymmetrical hard nodular prostate

2. loss of midline sulcus

Question 8

Is PSA specific?

Answer 8

no

Question 9

What bloods are done for prostate cancer?

Answer 9

1. PSA: high >4

2. U+Es check impaired renal function

Question 10

What imaging is done for prostate cancer?

Answer 10

1. Transrectal US-guided needle biopsy: gold standard

2. If prostate cancer: isotope bone scan: check for metastases