BPH Flashcards
What does BPH stand for?
benign prostatic hyperplasia
What is BPH?
Diffuse hyperplasia of the periurethral (transitional) zone
What is the epi of BPH?
- Prevalence increases with age
2. More common in Afro-Caribbeans
What are LUTS symptoms?
storage and voiding symptoms
What are the storage symptoms?
- Frequency
- Urgency
- Nocturia
- Dysuria
What are the voiding symptoms?
- Hesitancy
- Incomplete voiding
- Poor stream
FUND HIPS
What bedside tests are done for BPH?
- Urinalysis: exclude UTI and check for bloods
2. DRE
What does DRE show for BPH?
- smoothly enlarge
2. palpable midline groove
What bloods are done for BPH?
- PSA: high >4
2. U+Es check impaired renal function
What imaging is done for BPH?
Transrectal US-guided needle biopsy: gold standard
How do you diagnose BPH?
o HISTOLOGICAL diagnosis that requires biopsy
o Benign prostatic enlargement – clinical finding
o To be classed as hyperplasia – histological finding needed
Is PSA specific?
no
What is the conservative management for BPH?
- Monitor symptom progression
- Lifestyle e.g. avoid caffeine
- Medication review
What is the medical treatment for BPH?
- 1st line : Selective a1-blockers e.g. tamsulosin
- 5a-reductase inhibitors e.g. finasteride
What is an example of a Selective a1-blocker?
tamsulosin