Prostate and Testicular Cancer

Question 1

which cancer type has peak incidence in 3rd decade

Answer 1

testicular cancer

Question 2

most common type of testicular cancer

Answer 2

germ cell (95%)

Question 3

which of the following is not a risk factor for testicular cancer

a. caucasian
b. undescended testicle
c. african origin

Answer 3

c. african origin

this is a risk factor for prostate cancer when they living in western countries

Question 4

common presentation of testicular cancer

Answer 4

painless lump

Question 5

treatment of testicular cancer

Answer 5

radical orchidectomy (with fascia and nodes)
adjuvant radio/prophylactic chemo
radio/chemo for nodes
chemo for metastases

Question 6

three modes of testicular cancer spread

Answer 6

local, regional and distant

Question 7

3 sites of testicular cancer spread

Answer 7

lung, liver and bone

Question 8

stages of testicular cancer

Answer 8

1: confined to testes
2: nodes below diapragm
3: nodes past diaphragm
4: metastases

Question 9

what lymph nodes to the testes drain into

Answer 9

para-aortic

Question 10

testes/prostate drain into internal iliac nodes

Answer 10

prostate

Question 11

5 year survival of stage 4 testicular

Answer 11

73%

Question 12

common diagnosis pathway of prostate cancer

Answer 12

opportunistic PSA testing

Question 13

HPC is a mutation of prostate/testicular cancer

Answer 13

prostate

Question 14

AFP is a mutation of prostate/testicular cancer

Answer 14

testicular

Question 15

when is prostate cancer peak incidence

Answer 15

65-70 y/o

Question 16

risk factors of prostate cancer

Answer 16

first degree relative
HPC mutation
BRCA mutation

Question 17

symptoms of localised non-invasive prostate cancer

Answer 17

storage and voiding LUTS (hesitance, residual volume, frequency, urgency, incontinence)
weight loss
lethargy

Question 18

symptoms of invasive primary prostate tumour

Answer 18

haematuria
pain
impotence
loin pain
haemospermia

Question 19

symptoms of metastases

Answer 19

bone pain
lymphadenopathy
lymphaoedema

Question 20

common metastatic site of prostate cancer

Answer 20

bone

Question 21

what lymph nodes does the prostate drain into

Answer 21

internal iliac

Question 22

triad required for a diagnosis of prostate cancer

Answer 22

1. PSA raised >10/20
2. DRExamination
3. TRUS-guide biopsy

Question 23

what does TRUS stand for

Answer 23

TransRectal UltraSound

Question 24

significance of ISUP and gleason sum score

Answer 24

ISUP replaced gleason

ISUP is 1-5

Question 25

4 practical types of prostate cancer

Answer 25

localised
locally advanced
metastatic
hormone refractory

Question 26

a T1/2 tumour is what practical type of prostate cancer

Answer 26

localised

Question 27

locally advanced prostate cancer is what T stage

Answer 27

T3/4

Question 28

definition of hormone refractory

Answer 28

doesn’t respond after 18-24 months

Question 29

true/false PSA increases with age

Answer 29

true - ~10 for every decade

Question 30

which of the following is not appropriate treatment of localised prostate cancer

a. watchful waiting
b. chemo
c. radio
d. brachytherapy
e. radical prostatectomt

Answer 30

b. chemo - this is reserved for metastatic and hormone refractory

Question 31

prognosis of metastatic prostate cancer

Answer 31

3-5 year survival

Question 32

prognosis of localised prostate cancer

Answer 32

90% survival at 15 years

Question 33

prognosis of locally advanced prostate cancer

Answer 33

80-90% survival at 5 years

Question 34

how long before hormone refractory prostate cancer kills you

Answer 34

18-22 months

Question 35

true/false prostate cancer is screened

Answer 35

false - doesn’t improve survival so doesn’t meet Wilson-Junger criteria