Prosocial Behavior

Question 1

Prosocial Behavior

Answer 1

Any act of benefiting another ex.studying with a friend

Question 2

Altruism

Answer 2

The deliberate pursuit of the welfare of others at either no benefit to the self, or even the cost of one’s own welfare ex.saving a person or animal

Question 3

Kin selection

Answer 3

Behaviors that help a genetic relative can sometimes override the cost to the self ex. saving a family member

Question 4

Norm of reciprocity

Answer 4

Helping others will increase the likelihood of being helped the long run ex. tipping a barista when they are not looking

Question 5

Social Exchange Theory of Altruism

Answer 5

Altruistic acts might be based solely on a calculation of the costs and rewards of helping others (Are people ever really nothing in return?)

Question 6

Ayn Rand’s Philosophy (Video)

Answer 6

The morality- Placing the interest of others before your own man is “sacrificed” she believes man must not serve others, self sacrifice talks about Germany Russian communism she is not about collectivism

Question 7

Empathy

Answer 7

imagining feeling other people’s pain

Question 8

Sympathy

Answer 8

feeling sorry for other people’s pain

Question 9

Wheelchair Carol Marcy Experiment

Answer 9

A letter (some participants took notes for Carol Marcy then gave it to the third party then to Carol others took notes and was instructed to giver to her. Majority had empathy with sympathy when they saw her.

Question 10

Baton’s Empathy Altruism Theory 1991

Answer 10

No Empathy-No help, cost is greater then benefit
-Help, benefit is greater than cost
Empathy -Help regardless of cost to self

Question 11

Where do we see Prosocial Differences?

Answer 11

Gender differences
-masculinity vs. femininity

Cultural differences

• western verses East Asian
• interdependent verses independent

Ting & Pavillavin 2000 study

• More in group help
• Less out group help

Religious differences
Batson, Schoenrade & Ventis 1993 study
-public activities verses private actions

Question 12

Mood

Answer 12

Good Mood the dime and manila drop experiment (Islen & Levin, 1972) 4% no dime 84% dime

Bad Mood negative status relief hypothesis helping makes you feel better Guilt research on donation in churchgoers (Harris, Benson, &Hall 1975) confession help felt less guilty studies on reduced empathy and help after recent rejection (Dewall & Baumeister 2006 2007)

Question 13

Two part survey experiment and helping behavior

Answer 13

The level of anxiety of feelings of being rushed have also been linked to rates of prosocial behavior. Finish survey when done go to another room to finish the other half one group was said they had to rush to a location one group was said they finished on time.

Question 14

Urban Overload Hypothesis

Answer 14

the idea that individuals in urban areas are only less likely to be altruistic because they are being bombarded by requests (people are not nice in bigger cities)

Question 15

Residential mobility

Answer 15

are you invested in the community that you’re in? If you stay you are more likable you want to be liked

Question 16

Bystander effect

Answer 16

were less likely to act in a given situation when were around others

Question 17

The Kitty Genovese 1964

Answer 17

attacked in New York stabbed 48x pleading people to help and no one helped 60 witnesses

Question 18

Latane and Darley’s work 1970 study

Answer 18

students were used to do questionarre while they are waiting a cloud of smoke is seen under the door 75% alone and reported 13% 3 people seeing smoke groups get stupid. Acting in an emergency- student sealed alone asked personal questions listened to a recorded tape pretending to be a student 85% alone reported

Question 19

Empathy Altruism Hypothesis

Answer 19

The idea that when we feel sympathy for a person we will attempt to help that person for purely altruistic reasons, regardless of what we have to gained.