Group Processes

Question 1

GROUP

Answer 1

3 or more people who interact and are interdependent (their needs and goals cause them to influence each other)

Question 2

GROUP NORMS

Answer 2

Implicit or explicit rules a group has for the acceptable behaviors, values, and beliefs of its members

Question 3

SOCIAL ROLES

Answer 3

Shared expectations in a group about how particular people are supposed to behave

Question 4

GROUP STUDY

Answer 4

Evolutionary and social benefits (Baumeister & Leary, 1995) Evolved biologically apart of us genetics passed on “group genes”

Groups are used as indications of social desirability and of positive feedback across cultures (Gardner, Pickett, & Brewer, 2000)

Helps us define ourselves as an individual (Hogg, Hohman, & Rivera, 2008)

Question 5

GROUP COHESIVENESS

Answer 5

Theoretical increase in the binding of members and increased liking of fellow members due to being in a group

-Group operates faster and a connection with people,

Question 6

DEINDIVIDUALIZATION

Answer 6

The loosening of normal constraints on behavior when people can’t be identified as an individual

Loss of accountability

Increase in obedience
to one or a handful of
individuals

Reduced controlled
processing

Question 7

PROCESS LOSS

Answer 7

The increased likelihood of a group reducing good problem solving because of specific dynamics of the group

• Dominant figures
• Focus on common knowledge instead of individual knowledge

CHALLENGER EXAMPLE - a space aircraft launch exploded with no evidence of what happened. Freeze caused the accident scientists explained but leaders did not want to stop because they are a UNIFORM group

Question 8

GROUPTHINK

Answer 8

A tendency to focus on cohesiveness and solidarity instead of logic

Question 9

Candidate Study (Stasser & Titus, 1985)

Answer 9

Created a election in a group of three each group received different information. Found those who had the same information were positive and desirable than negative information. Not considering all option can create process loss.

Question 10

Schacter’s “Johnny Rocco Case” punishment study (1951)

Answer 10

A group of 9 and confederate and that confederate went against the group. As a group they would exclude the individual

Conflict
Assigned Poor Tasks
Removal
Ostracism-ignoring the person going against the group.

Question 11

Kipling D William’s Work study on Ostracism

Answer 11

At random he played freeze-bee with two other people all of sudden they stop tossing it to him.

Long term effects of ostracism

Question 12

SOCIAL FACILITATION TASK

Answer 12

When others are watching – high arousal
Task 2: verbally identifying movies
difficult = worse (evaluation apprehension)
Task 4: counting to 20 as fast as you can
easy = better (better motivated

Question 13

SOCIAL LOAFING TASK

Answer 13

When others aren’t watching – low arousal
Task 1: writing down social psychology terms
difficult =better (no apprehension)
Task 3: drawing as many stars as you can in 1 minute
easy = worse (unmotivated)

Question 14

GROUP POLARIZATION

Answer 14

A group’s tendency to take a stronger stance on a situation that all of the group members are in support of initially
Note: this could include the strength of beliefs, or the actions taken by the group

Sports, businesses, investment firms (stock market crashes)

Question 15

SOCIAL ROLES

Answer 15

Shared expectations in a group about how particular people are supposed to behave
Zimbardo-Stanford prison experiment