Property Crimes Flashcards
Common Law
Elements of Larceny
- Trespassory taking and
- Carrying away (asportation)
- The property of another
- With the intent to deprive the possessor of that property permanently
Specific intent crime
Actus Reus - Common Law Larceny
What satisfies “trespassory taking?”
- Normally without consent
- “Larceny by trick” that involves tricking the person into conveying the property thereby making it seem non trepassory
Actus Reus - Common Law Larceny
What satisfies “carrying away?”
It needs to be moved, but not far. If someone gets on an unchained bike, it is satisfied. If it is chained up, then “carrying away” cannot be satisfied.
Actus Reus - Common Law Larceny
What constitutes “property of another?”
- Usually someone else’s property
- But can be your own property eg: if car is in towing lot and you sneak in and take it
Mens Rea - Common Law Larceny
How to satisfy this element even if defendant does intend to return the property?
- If taking deprives the property of all value (intends to return dress after wedding)
- Defendant creates substantial risk of loss of property (pawn watch, spend the money gambling, use the winnings to reclaim the watch)
- Defendant offers to return the property with conditions attached (“give me $100 and I will give you back your bike)
Actus Reus - Common Law Larceny
What are 2 common exceptions?
- Joy riding - someone takes property “just for the day” with intent to return
- “Claim of right”
a. D has honest belief (does not need to be reasonable) that the property belongs to them.
b. D is engaged in a good faith/bona fide attempt to collect a debt
Common Law
Elements of Robbery
- Taking and
- Carrying away
- The property of another
- With the intent to deprive the possessor of that property permanently
- Doing it through the use of force or threat of force against another person
Specific Intent Crime
Actus Reus - Common Law Robbery
How to satisfy “taking” for robbery
Victim must be present and property must be taken from the victim or from their immediate control
Actus Reus - Common Law Robbery
How to satisfy element of “use of force or threat of force”
Even a minimum amount of force can satisfy this element - any resistance to the taking of property
Mens Rea - Common Law Robbery
How to satisfy the mens rea
- Normally specific intent
- Read the statute - dealt with differently across different jx
Common Law
Elements of Burglary
- Breaking** and
- Entering
- The dwelling house
- Of another
- (at night)***
- With the intent to commit a felony therein
Specific Intent Crime
** Some jx have dispensed with this element
*** Many jx have dispensed with this element
Mens Rea - Common Law Burglary
How to satisfy mens rea
- Show that D broke in with the intent to commit any felony
- No need to prove that larceny took place
- D must have intent before D entered the dwelling (or even room)
Specific Intent Crime
Common Law
Elements of Embezzlement
- Fraudulent
- Conversion
- Of property of another
- By a person in lawful possession of that property
- Mens Rea
a. Intent to defraud and
b. Intent to permanently deprive
Actus Reus - Common Law Embezzlement
How to distinguish “larceny by trick” from embezzlement
Did defendant use fraud to gain possession?
1. Yes = “larceny by trick”
2. No = embezzlement
Abandoned, Lost, and Mislaid Property
Definition of Abandoned Property
Property to which the owner has relinquished their ownership rights