Properties of Solutions (solubility and equilibrium)

Question 1

where does the equilibrium shift when there is an increase in concentration of the reactants?

Answer 1

towards the products (right)

Question 2

where does the equilibrium shift when there is an increase in the temperature of the reaction?

Answer 2

it will favour the endothermic reaction. (shift towards endothermic way)

Question 3

where does the equilibrium shift when there is an increase in pressure of the reaction?

Answer 3

shifts to the side with the fewest moles of gas

Question 4

what is a saturated solution

Answer 4

a solution In which no more solute can dissolve

Question 5

what is the solubility product (solubility equilibrium)

Answer 5

when a chemical compound in the solid state is in chemical equilibrium with a solution of that compound.

Question 6

what does s stand for

Answer 6

the molar solubility

Question 7

what is the molar solubility

Answer 7

the concentration of the solid that has been dissolved in a saturated solution

Question 8

what are the units of s

Answer 8

mol dm-3

Question 9

what is Le Chatelier’s Principle?

Answer 9

if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change to reestablish an equilibrium.

Question 10

what is the common ion effect

Answer 10

a salt will be less soluble if one of its constituent ions is already present in the solution.

Question 11

what can predict if a precipitate will form

Answer 11

comparing the reaction quotient to the solubility product (Ksp)

Question 12

what is the first step in the ‘will a precipitate form?’ question

Answer 12

find the concentration of each ion in the final volume.

= (initial c x initial v) / final v q

Question 13

if Qsp > Ksp then

Answer 13

concentration of ions is above solubility limit so precipitate should form

Question 13

if Qsp < Ksp then

Answer 13

no precipitate will form

Question 13

is Qsp = Ksp then

Answer 13

it will be a saturated solution and at equilibrium (no precipitate )

Question 14

what is a supersaturated solution

Answer 14

If a saturated solution is carefully cooled or evaporated, it may reach a point where it contains more solute than it can hold at the new temperature or pressure.

Question 15

is the forward or reverse reaction favoured when Q<K

Answer 15

forwards

Question 16

is the forward or reverse reaction favoured when Q>K

Answer 16

reverse