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Chemistry: Module 6 > Properties of Carboxylic Acids > Flashcards

Properties of Carboxylic Acids Flashcards

1
Q

what types of bonds are in carboxylic acids?

A
  • hydrogen bonding between the C=O and O-H bonds
  • these bonds are polar so can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules
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2
Q

what is the limit for the number of carbon atoms in a carboxylic acid until it’s insoluble in water?

A
  • carboxylic acids with up to 4 carbon atoms are soluble in water
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3
Q

what happens to the solubility of carboxylic acids as the number of carbon atoms increases?

A
  • as the number of carbon atoms increases, the solubility decreases the non-polar carbon chain has a greater effect on the overall polarity of the molecule (London forces are stronger than hydrogen bonding)
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4
Q

why does solubility of carboxylic acids in non polar solvents decrease as the number of carbon atoms increase?

A
  • non-polar carbon chain has a greater effect on the overall polarity of the molecule
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5
Q

what is the state of dicarboxylic acids?

A
  • solids at room temperature, and they dissolve readily in water
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6
Q

as the number of carbon atoms increases what bond has more of an effect?

A
  • London forces are stronger than hydrogen bonds
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7
Q

what type of acids are carboxylic acids?

A
  • weak acids
  • partially dissociates in aqueous solutions
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8
Q

what are the types of reactions that carboxylic acids can take part in?

A
  • redox reactions with metals
  • neutralisation reactions with bases (alkalis, metal oxides and carbonates)
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9
Q

what happens when carboxylic acids react in redox and neutralisation reaction?

A
  • carboxylic acids form carboxylate salts
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10
Q

what is formed when carboxylic acids react with metals in a redox reaction?

A
  • hydrogen gas is formed and the carboxylate salt
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11
Q

what happens during the reaction of carboxylic acids and metals in redox reactions?(observations)

A
  • metal disappears
  • effervescence
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12
Q

what type of acids are carboxylic acids?

A

weak acids, so partially dissociate

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13
Q

what are the bases that carboxylic acids react with?

A
  • metal oxides
  • alkalis
  • carbonates
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14
Q

what is formed when carboxylic acids react with metal oxides?

A
  • salt (carboxylate)
  • water
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15
Q

what is formed when carboxylic acids react with alkalis?

A
  • carboxylate salt
  • water
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16
Q

what is formed when carboxylic acids react with carbonates?

A
  • carboxylate salt
  • water
  • carbon dioxide
17
Q

what are the observations when carboxylic acids react with carbonates?

A
  • effervescence
  • if carboxylic acid is in excess then the solid carbonate would dissolve

Chemistry: Module 6 (17 decks)

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