Acyl Chlorides Flashcards
1
Q
how are acyl chlorides formed?
A
- from carboxylic acids using SOCL2 (thionyl chloride)
- the other products are SO2 and HCl = products are harmful, so has to take place in a fume cupboard
2
Q
what are acyl chlorides used to form?
A
- esters
- carboxylic acids
- primary and secondary amides
3
Q
how are esters formed from acyl chlorides(2)?
A
- acyl chlorides react with alcohols to form esters
- acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with phenols to produce phenyl esters
4
Q
how are acyl chlorides used to form carboxylic acids?
A
- acyl chlorides and water react to form carboxylic acids and hydrogen chloride
5
Q
how are primary amides formed?
A
- ammonia reacts with acyl chlorides to form a primary amide and ammoniumX
6
Q
how are secondary amides formed?
A
- primary amine reacts with acyl chlorides to form secondary amides
