Properties Of Alkanes

Question 1

What is the shape and bond angles of alkanes why is it like this?

Answer 1

Tetrahedral
109.5

in alkane molecules, each carbon atom is surrounded by four bonded pairs of electrons. The four bonded pairs repel each other equally, resulting in a tetrahedral shape around each carbon atom, and bond angles of 109.5

Question 2

What are the bp of straight chained alkanes?

Answer 2

As the carbon chain length increases boiling points increase as there are more electrons and more points of contact between molecules so the strength of london forces increase between molecules so more energy is required to break these intermolecular forces

Question 3

What’s the bp of branched chained alkanes?

Answer 3

As branching in isomers of alkanes increases, boiling points decrease
There are fewer points of contact between the molecules. The strength of the London forces between the molecules decreases. Less energy is needed to break the intermolecular forces.

Question 4

How are sigma bonds formed?

Answer 4

sigma bonds are formed from the overlap of orbitals directly between the
sigma bonds can freely rotate.

Question 5

What are alkanes solubility?

Answer 5

Alkanes are non-polar molecules and do not dissolve in polar solvents like
water. However, they will mix with non-polar solvents.