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HSC TEXTILES > properties and performance > Flashcards

properties and performance Flashcards

1
Q

what is microfibre

A

less than one denier thick, created by modifying the spinnerets

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2
Q

properties of mf

A

ultrafine, lightweight, soft and comfortable, washable, high strength, shrink resistant, high absorbency - waterproof fabric

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3
Q

end uses

A

specialised environmentally friendly microfibre cleaning products can be used on multiple surfaces - remove the need for harmful chemicals as it removes up to 99% of bacteria (wedge shaped filaments)

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4
Q

advantages of mf on consumer and society

A
  • suitable for travel (lightweight)
  • easy to launder
  • can be dyed different colours
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5
Q

disadvantages of mf on consumer and society

A
  • expensive to purchase
  • manufacturing of petrochemical fibres concerns environmentally aware consumer
  • consumer confusion (need for education)
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6
Q

advantages of mf on manufacturer

A
  • easy to put fabric finish on e.g. antibacterial finish = higher success in marketplace
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7
Q

disadvantages of mf on manufacturer

A
  • expensive to establish machinery

- employees must be specially trained

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8
Q

advantages of mf on employee

A
  • more job opps from new fibre tech
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9
Q

disadvantage of mf on employee

A
  • structural unemployment (skilled workers may be replaced by machines)
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10
Q

advantage of mf on environment

A
  • not dependent on natural resources

- eliminate need for harmful cleaners

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11
Q

disadvantage of mf on environment

A
  • water waste and chemical residue

- fabric production requires operation of machinery - using energy and emitting air pollution

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12
Q

what is a bicomponent yarn

A
  • consists of two filaments, staple or natural fibres that are chemically/physically different
  • two kinds of polymer extruded together and spun as multifilament
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13
Q

enhance performance of fabric and end use - bcy

A

yarn is soft, lofty, bulky and inexpensive. light weight, non-fraying, very durable and abrasion resistant

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14
Q

end uses - bcy

A

pantyhose, knitwear, knitting yarns, socks and baby wear. can be made hollow and therefore conductive metal oxides can be inserted for specific end-uses

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15
Q

advantage of bcy on consumer and society

A
  • produce bulking/crimping effect useful in contribution of strength of garments
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16
Q

disadvantages of bcy on consumer and society

A

fabrics made up solely of bicompent yarns often do not have desired visual effects, textures

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17
Q

advantage of bcy on manufacture

A
  • production more desirable fabrics that consumers will want to purchase
  • colour concentrate only needed for out component, thus reducing colour costs
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18
Q

disadvantage of bcy on manufacture

A
  • expenses of developing fibre components
  • must train employees to work with machinery
  • takes away market for other fibres
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19
Q

advantage of bcy on employee

A
  • more job opportunities
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20
Q

disadvantage of bcy on employee

A
  • decrease in human interaction

- changes to current work practices that may reduce job oppurtunities

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21
Q

advantage of bcy on environment

A
  • clean, environmentally friendly

- many yarns are recyclable

22
Q

disadvantage of bcy on environment

A

many of the chemical component are not biodegradable so cause pollution and add to landfill

23
Q

what are washable webs

A

webs of synthetic fibres bonded together with heat/adhesives

24
Q

properties of ww

A
  • can be engineered for specific end-use
  • does not fray
  • durable and highly absorbent
  • can withstand wet applications
25
Q

end uses of ww

A
  • medical textiles
  • nappies, industrial filters, teabags, chug
  • lining, interfacing
26
Q

advantage of ww on consumer and society

A
  • low cost
  • does not fray
  • crease resistant
  • stable to washing and dry-cleaning
27
Q

disadvantage of ww on consumer and society

A
  • not lifelong, mostly singly use

- not as strong as knitted/woven

28
Q

advantage of ww on manufacturer

A
  • cheap to produce

- can be combined with many fibres to create ‘super fabrics’ - medical membranes impermeable to blood

29
Q

disadvantage of ww on manufacturer

A
  • low durability
30
Q

advantage of ww on employee

A
  • work is easier for new technology, less labour intensive work needed to produce man-manse fibre that needed for natural fibre
31
Q

disadvantage of ww on employee

A

process may use CAD/CAM technology rather than manual labour

32
Q

advantage of ww on environment

A
  • non-woven bags last longer than normal plastic bags
33
Q

disadvantage of ww on environment

A

waste-product and landfill

- must take into account waste and disposal of medical textiles

34
Q

What is symcad3D optifit?

A

Automatically digitise the body in 3D shape

35
Q

End uses of 3D

A

Designed for made to measure clothing

Efficient, accurate

36
Q

Advantages of 3D on textile industry

A

Saves time
Accuracy
Consistency
Mobile version so can be used in workplace

37
Q

Disadvantages of 3D on textile industry

A

Less job opportunities

38
Q

What is CLSM

A

Sewing machines controlled by computers

39
Q

Advantages of CLSM

A 
Easy use
Low training costs
High production
Accuracy and uniformity
Fast operation
40
Q

Disadvantages of CLSM

A

Costly to set up
Loss of jobs
Specialised technicians required for maintenance and machine repair

41
Q

What is DDp

A

Direct digital printing

Printing directly onto fabric using inkjet technology and innovative CAD systems and programs

42
Q

End uses of CAD

A

Large scale fabrics

43
Q

DDP advantages

A 
Enables rapid prototyping of design work
complex designs
No limit to colours produced
Fast and accurate
Easy for design to be altered
44
Q

Disadvantages of DDP

A

Design size is limited to size of printer

45
Q

Delustering

A

Powder is added to synthetic fibre solutions before extrusion through the spinneret to reduce the lustre of synthetic fibres

46
Q

Mercerising

A

Cotton immersed in alkali solution = increased lustre, strength and dyeability

47
Q

Napping

A

Yarn/fabric passed over barbed rollers that raise fibre ends, soft surface with better insulation

48
Q

Sanforising

A

Reduces shrinkage by stretching and heating/cooling cotton

49
Q

Super wash wool

A

Allows wool to be machine washed and dried

50
Q

Water repellant

A

Hydrophobic chemicals applied to make fabrics waterproof

51
Q

Fluorochemistry

A

Invisible barrier to stains and oils e.g. scotch guard

52
Q

Antimicrobials

A

Control growth of bacteria, fungi and dust mites e.g. micro an

HSC TEXTILES (4 decks)

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