properties and performance Flashcards
what is microfibre
less than one denier thick, created by modifying the spinnerets
properties of mf
ultrafine, lightweight, soft and comfortable, washable, high strength, shrink resistant, high absorbency - waterproof fabric
end uses
specialised environmentally friendly microfibre cleaning products can be used on multiple surfaces - remove the need for harmful chemicals as it removes up to 99% of bacteria (wedge shaped filaments)
advantages of mf on consumer and society
- suitable for travel (lightweight)
- easy to launder
- can be dyed different colours
disadvantages of mf on consumer and society
- expensive to purchase
- manufacturing of petrochemical fibres concerns environmentally aware consumer
- consumer confusion (need for education)
advantages of mf on manufacturer
- easy to put fabric finish on e.g. antibacterial finish = higher success in marketplace
disadvantages of mf on manufacturer
- expensive to establish machinery
- employees must be specially trained
advantages of mf on employee
- more job opps from new fibre tech
disadvantage of mf on employee
- structural unemployment (skilled workers may be replaced by machines)
advantage of mf on environment
- not dependent on natural resources
- eliminate need for harmful cleaners
disadvantage of mf on environment
- water waste and chemical residue
- fabric production requires operation of machinery - using energy and emitting air pollution
what is a bicomponent yarn
- consists of two filaments, staple or natural fibres that are chemically/physically different
- two kinds of polymer extruded together and spun as multifilament
enhance performance of fabric and end use - bcy
yarn is soft, lofty, bulky and inexpensive. light weight, non-fraying, very durable and abrasion resistant
end uses - bcy
pantyhose, knitwear, knitting yarns, socks and baby wear. can be made hollow and therefore conductive metal oxides can be inserted for specific end-uses
advantage of bcy on consumer and society
- produce bulking/crimping effect useful in contribution of strength of garments
disadvantages of bcy on consumer and society
fabrics made up solely of bicompent yarns often do not have desired visual effects, textures
advantage of bcy on manufacture
- production more desirable fabrics that consumers will want to purchase
- colour concentrate only needed for out component, thus reducing colour costs
disadvantage of bcy on manufacture
- expenses of developing fibre components
- must train employees to work with machinery
- takes away market for other fibres
advantage of bcy on employee
- more job opportunities
disadvantage of bcy on employee
- decrease in human interaction
- changes to current work practices that may reduce job oppurtunities
advantage of bcy on environment
- clean, environmentally friendly
- many yarns are recyclable
disadvantage of bcy on environment
many of the chemical component are not biodegradable so cause pollution and add to landfill
what are washable webs
webs of synthetic fibres bonded together with heat/adhesives
properties of ww
- can be engineered for specific end-use
- does not fray
- durable and highly absorbent
- can withstand wet applications
end uses of ww
- medical textiles
- nappies, industrial filters, teabags, chug
- lining, interfacing
advantage of ww on consumer and society
- low cost
- does not fray
- crease resistant
- stable to washing and dry-cleaning
disadvantage of ww on consumer and society
- not lifelong, mostly singly use
- not as strong as knitted/woven
advantage of ww on manufacturer
- cheap to produce
- can be combined with many fibres to create ‘super fabrics’ - medical membranes impermeable to blood
disadvantage of ww on manufacturer
- low durability
advantage of ww on employee
- work is easier for new technology, less labour intensive work needed to produce man-manse fibre that needed for natural fibre
disadvantage of ww on employee
process may use CAD/CAM technology rather than manual labour
advantage of ww on environment
- non-woven bags last longer than normal plastic bags
disadvantage of ww on environment
waste-product and landfill
- must take into account waste and disposal of medical textiles
What is symcad3D optifit?
Automatically digitise the body in 3D shape
End uses of 3D
Designed for made to measure clothing
Efficient, accurate
Advantages of 3D on textile industry
Saves time
Accuracy
Consistency
Mobile version so can be used in workplace
Disadvantages of 3D on textile industry
Less job opportunities
What is CLSM
Sewing machines controlled by computers
Advantages of CLSM
Easy use Low training costs High production Accuracy and uniformity Fast operation
Disadvantages of CLSM
Costly to set up
Loss of jobs
Specialised technicians required for maintenance and machine repair
What is DDp
Direct digital printing
Printing directly onto fabric using inkjet technology and innovative CAD systems and programs
End uses of CAD
Large scale fabrics
DDP advantages
Enables rapid prototyping of design work complex designs No limit to colours produced Fast and accurate Easy for design to be altered
Disadvantages of DDP
Design size is limited to size of printer
Delustering
Powder is added to synthetic fibre solutions before extrusion through the spinneret to reduce the lustre of synthetic fibres
Mercerising
Cotton immersed in alkali solution = increased lustre, strength and dyeability
Napping
Yarn/fabric passed over barbed rollers that raise fibre ends, soft surface with better insulation
Sanforising
Reduces shrinkage by stretching and heating/cooling cotton
Super wash wool
Allows wool to be machine washed and dried
Water repellant
Hydrophobic chemicals applied to make fabrics waterproof
Fluorochemistry
Invisible barrier to stains and oils e.g. scotch guard
Antimicrobials
Control growth of bacteria, fungi and dust mites e.g. micro an
