prelim Flashcards
cotton properties
strong, inelastic, high heat tolerance, absorbent
rayon properties
high lustre, good drape, absorbent, poor elasticity, low strength
external structure
length, diameter, surface and cross sectional shape
selvedge
the reinforced edge of a fabric that does not fray
high twist yarn properties
firm, smooth, good lustre, strong, good elasticity
amorphous structure
polymers in random arrangement and there are large distances between them = weak fibre e.g. wool and rayon
chemical composition
what fibres are made from e.g. wool = protein and cotton = cellulose
woollen yarn
fuzzy, weak, softer handle, more absorbent e.g. knitting wool
what is aesthetic design?
surface decoration or design that enhances the appearance of textile related items
slub yarn
yarn that can be made from either single or ply yarns
yarn
basic thread component of all fabric construction
filament fibres
long or continuous fibres
types of knitted fabrics
single knit, double knit, pile knot, tricot knit, lace and net
boucle yarn
yarn created by combining different plied yarns together
cotton end uses
summer clothing
bedding
towels
textile quality
refers to the total set of performance characteristics relating to a textile component, item or product
crystalline structure
polymers are packed closely together and in parallel arrangement = strong fibre e.g. nylon
factors contributing to textile value
heirloom, vintage, handcrafted, unique, designer label, technologically advanced, religious significance, social significance, economic value
low twist yarn properties
soft, poor resiliency, weak, good insulation and poor elasticity
types of woven fabrics
plain, twill, satin, jacquard, crepe and pile weaves
course
a horizontal row of loops in a knitted fabric
nylon end uses
industrial uses - sleeping bags tents, top, parachutes
nylon properties
strong fibre with good elasticity, wrinkle and shrink resistant, hydrophobic
wool properties
weak fibre with good elasticity, high crease resistance, good absorbency, low heat tolerance, high heat retainment
combed cotton yarn properties and end uses
medium to high twist, even, smooth, durable, soft, absorbent e.g. knitted cotton underwear, cotton lawn
polyester properties
strong fibre with good elasticity, low shrinkage, wrinkle resistant, hydrophobic
cotton/poly blend
good strength, good absorbency, increased elasticity, good heat tolerance
nylon/elastomeric blend
good lustre, good drape, excellent strength, low absorbency, great elasticity
what is functional design?
items designed for a specific purpose that may include examples from all the focus areas
carded cotton yarn properties and end uses
low to medium twist, uneven thickness of yarn, strong, soft, absorbent e.g. drill, jeans, towelling
weft
running across the width of fabric
wool end uses
jumpers, cardigans, carpets
non woven fabrics
felts, webs and films
assessing quality
design, trademarks, fabric quality, legislation, care labelling
worsted yarn
smooth and fine, finer, durable, less absorbent = quick drying e.g. fine wool suiting
textured filament yarns
made from synthetic fibres that have been modified to add texture bulk and elasticity
textile value
monetary or significant resource value
wale
a vertical row of loops in a knitted fabric
polyester end uses
apparel, furnishings
core spun yarns
yarn with a centre or core of one fibre composition, around which another fibre is spun or wrapped
staple fibres
short fibres
warp
running length of fabric
elastomeric
high strength and abrasion resistance, good absorbency, great elasticity
Plain weave properties
Strong, even and flat texture, poor absorbency
Twill weave properties
Diagonal, heavier than plain, most durable
Satin weave properties
Warp goes over four weft yarns and under one. Poor strength but highly lustrous
Jacquard weave properties
Patterns, expensive, highly decorative
Pile weave properties
Decorative weave, e.g. towel, high absorbency
Crepe weave
Random arrangement of floats, all over pebble effect
Single knit properties
Ladder easily, stretchy, weft knitting
Weft knitting
One length of yarn and the loops are formed along the width of the fabric
Warp knitting
Uses one yarn per needle or wale, loops run the length of the fabric
Double knit properties
Weft knitting, resilient, absorbent
