Properties Flashcards
What are physical properties of materials?
Measurable characteristics such as density, melting point, conductivity, and coefficient of expansion.
What does thermal conductivity measure?
The quantity of heat that flows through a material per unit of time, area, and length.
What is the importance of low thermal conductivity materials?
Used as insulators in high-temperature applications.
What is corrosion resistance?
A material’s ability to prevent chemical or electrochemical attack.
What forms can corrosion take?
Pitting, galvanic reaction, stress corrosion, parting, intergranular corrosion.
How is corrosion resistance often expressed?
As the maximum depth of corrosion penetration in millimeters over one year.
What is density?
Mass of the material per unit volume, expressed in pounds per cubic inch or grams per cubic centimeter.
What is the significance of density in engineering?
Determines the weight of a component and influences the strength-to-weight ratio.
What is the formula for calculating density?
Density (ρ) = mass (m) / volume (V).
How can density be calculated using the density triangle?
Density is represented by ‘d’, allowing calculation of mass or volume.
What is the melting point of a substance?
The temperature at which a solid phase changes to a liquid phase.
What happens at the melting point of a substance?
Solid and liquid phases coexist in equilibrium.
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance per unit of mass.
What does the equation C = Q / ΔT represent?
Specific heat capacity, where C is heat capacity, Q is energy, and ΔT is change in temperature.
What is hardenability?
The ability of steel to transform from austenite to martensite at a given depth when cooled.
What is weldability?
The ability of a material to weld with similar materials.
What does permittivity measure?
The ability of a material to store electrical potential energy in an electric field.
What is recyclability?
The ability of a material to be recycled into a similar or other form.
What is thermal expansion?
A fractional change in the size of a material in response to a change in temperature.
What types of thermal expansion are there?
- Linear expansion * Areal expansion * Volumetric expansion.
What is permeability in electromagnetism?
The measure of magnetisation a material obtains in response to an applied magnetic field.
What unit is permeability measured in?
Henries per metre (H/m) or newtons per ampere squared (N/A²).
What is the permeability constant μ0?
The proportionality between magnetic induction and magnetising force in a vacuum.
