Propaganda

Question 1

goal

Answer 1

Propaganda • Goal: manufacture consensus through propaganda to mobilise support for Mussolini’s policies and transform Italians into ‘true’
fascists
• Propaganda focussed on unifying ideals that could draw Italians together and create a shared patriotic feeling that celebrated

Question 2

italian history

Answer 2

Italy’s history and associated fascists with rebirth or nation
• Symbol of Rome + cult of Ancient Rome celebrated greatness of ancient Rome and its leaders and the fact that Italians were
heirs to the greatest empire in history and should be proud to be Italian
• Mediaeval buildings destroyed so Rome’s classical ruins could be displayed better

Question 3

1937

Answer 3

celebration to commemorate 2000th anniversary of Augustus Caesar in Rome

Question 4

image of Rome

Answer 4

Mussolini linked to image of Rome as heir of Augustus who was rebuilding Italy just like he did from ruins of chaos and war
• Propaganda in newspapers, radio, cinema, posters, mass rallies and sport

Question 5

world cup

Answer 5

Sport: Italy won world cup in 1934 and 1938; success demonstrated re-found greatness

Question 6

ministry

Answer 6

No specific ministry to organise propaganda until Ministry of the Press in 1935 (renamed Ministry of Popular Culture in 1937)
• Press censorship made it difficult for most Italians to hold antifascist views, but there were problems with creating mass
consensus
• Ministry of Propaganda not sophisticated and struggled with modern mediums (eg. films)
• Lack of mass media is south made national integration of all Italians into consensus of supporting fascism difficult