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Gaeilge > Pronunciation > Flashcards

Pronunciation Flashcards

https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Most_frequent_1000_words_in_English

1
Q

What’s the difference between A and Á

A

A
Mac, hata

Á
Lá, tá, bád

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2
Q

What’s the difference between E and É

A

E
De, ceist

É
Cé, éist

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3
Q

What’s the difference between I and Í

A

I
Ith, duine

Í
Sí, síle, trí, íseal

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4
Q

What’s the difference between O and Ó

A

O
Olc, deoch

Ó
Bó, ól

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5
Q

What’s the difference between U and Ú

A

U
Dubh, fluich, rud

Ú
Cú, tú

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6
Q

Explain stress in words

A

Stress is on the first syllable.

Notice that, with all the stress on the first syllable, vowels in the later syllables are basically reduced to the schwa or ‘ih’ (more on that below) e.g. carraig, solais.

However, a fada on a vowel in a later syllable forces you to say that vowel clearly and to even out the stress.

Compare the following: carraig -v- carraigín and solas -v- sólás.

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7
Q

What are the different ways that the Á sound can be spelled?

A

Á, ÁI, EÁ, EÁI

Lán, páiste, breá, eithleán, feiceáil

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8
Q

What are the different ways that the É sound can be spelled?

A

É, ÉI, ÉA, AE, AEI,
AO (Munster)

Mé, fein, céad, tae, traein, saor

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9
Q

What are the different ways that the Í sound can be spelled?

A

Í, ÍO, UÍ, UÍO, AÍO, OÍ, AO (Connacht and Ulster), AOI

Bhí, díol, suí, suíochán, draíochta, croí, saor, daoine

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10
Q

What are the different ways that the Ó sound can be spelled?

A

Ó, ÓI, EO, EOI

Tóg, dóíbh, ceol, feirmeoir

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11
Q

What are the different ways that the ú sound can be spelled?

A

Ú, IÚ, Úi, IÚI

Cúramach, siúl, súil, ciúin

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12
Q

What are the different ways that the A sound can be spelled?

A

A, AI, EA, EAI

Cas, baile, sean, meaisín

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13
Q

What are the different ways that the E sound can be spelled?

A

E, EI, OI

Te, leis, oifig

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14
Q

What are the different ways that the I sound can be spelled?

A

I, UI, IO (some)

Bith, tuigim, fios

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15
Q

What does IO sound like?

A

IO

uh

Siopa, tiocfaidh, liom

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16
Q

What does OI sound like?

A

OI

Cois, scoil, oileán

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17
Q

What does AE sound like?

A

AE (long vowel)

tay

Tae, laethanta

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18
Q

What does AO sound like?

A

AO (long vowel)

see

Aodh, caol

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19
Q

What does AOI sound like?

A

AOI

me

Aoi, saoirse

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20
Q

What does EA sound like?

A

EA (short vowel)

apple

Eala, deas

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21
Q

What does EI sound like?

A

EI

meh

Eisean, ceimic

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22
Q

What does EO sound like?

A

EO (long vowel)

no

Eoin, ceol, beo

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23
Q

What does IA sound like?

A

IA (used to be spelled ÍA)

deal

Bia, pian,

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24
Q

What does UA sound like?

A

UA (used to be spelled ÚA)

dual

fuath

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25
Q

How do you pronounce IO, oI, or UI?

A

Ih

Gliodar, Gloine, Duine

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26
Q

How do you pronounce ABHA?

A

ABHA

OW, I stubbed my toe

Abhann

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27
Q

How do you pronounce AMHA?

A

AMHA

OW, I stubbed my toe

Sabhradh

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28
Q

How do you pronounce AGHA?

A

AGHA

EYE

Aghaidh

29
Q

How do you pronounce ADH?

A

ADH

EYE

Tadhg

30
Q

How do you pronounce EADH?

A
  • EADH
    (m) eh or (m)oo in North

Deirdeadh, cuireadh

31
Q

How do you pronounce FAIDH/FIDH?

A
  • FAIDH/-FIDH
    (s) ee

Tiocfaidh, feicfidh

32
Q

What’s a schwa?

A

When there are two consonants together in the middle or end of an Irish word you can pronounce an ‘ih’ between them if you want to e.g. film, Colm.

Bolg, Carbad, Gibris, Spairn, Albain, Dearg, Leanbh, Gorm, Colm, Dorcha, Donncha

33
Q

B + séimhiú?

A

Broad
/w/
Bhád, abhaile, dabht, gabh

Slender
/v/
A bheith, leibhéal, sibh

34
Q

C + séimhiú?

A

Broad
/x/
Scottish loch, German nacht
Chomh, nócha, nach

Slender
Hue pronounced strongly (ich)
An cheist, fiche, deich

35
Q

D + séimhiú?

A

Broad
gargle
dhún

Slender
yuh
Ar dheireadh, a Dhia

36
Q

F + séimhiú

A

Broad
silent
An fhuaim, m’fhoireann

Slender
silent
An fhéile, an fhiacaill

37
Q

G + séimhiú

A

Broad
gargle
Ghasúr, ghlór

Slender
yuh
Mo ghile, oighear

38
Q

M + séimhiú

A

Broad
/w/
Mhór, gan mhoill, amháin, domhan

Slender
/v/
Mo mhéar, séimhiú, nimh

39
Q

P + séimhiú

A

broad
/f/
Sa pholl, phós siad

Slender
/f/
An pheil

40
Q

S + séimhiú

A

Broad
/h/
Nollaig shona, mo shaol

Slender
/h/
Mo shiopa, ar sheilft

41
Q

T + séimhiú

A

Broad
/h/
Mo thóin, tharla

Slender
/h/
Trí thine, an-the

42
Q

Urú + B

A

Broad
M = /m/
Ar an mbord

Slender
M = /m/
I mBéal Feiriste

43
Q

Urú + C

A

Broad
G = /g/
I gCorcaigh

Slender
G = /g/
Bhur gcistin

44
Q

Urú + D

A

Broad
N = /n/ in not
I nDoire

Slender
N = /ñ/ in sinew
I ndiaidh

45
Q

Urú + F

A

Broad
BH = /w/
An bhfuil tú

Slender
BH = /v/
I bhFear Manach

46
Q

Urú + G

A

Broad
N = nasal like wing
I nGaillimh

Slender
N = nasal like sing your
I ngeall

47
Q

Urú + p

A

Broad
P = /b/
I bPáras

Slender
P = /b/
Ár bpictiúr

48
Q

Urú + T

A

Broad
D = /d/
I dTrá lí

Slender
D = /j/
Ár dteach

49
Q

Pronounce B

A

Broad
But
Buí, bó

Slender
Beauty
Bí, beo

50
Q

Pronounce C

A

Broad
k
cú

Slender
Cute
ciú

51
Q

Pronounce D

A 
Broad
D
/d/
Tongue at back of teeth instead of roof of mouth
Dána, doras, cadás

Slender
/j/
Tongue at back of teeth instead of roof of mouth
Deich, idirlion

52
Q

Pronounce F

A

Broad
fun
Go fóíll

Slender
Few
feoil

53
Q

Pronounce G

A

Broad
Gum
Na longa

Slender
Gy
Gearr, ar bord loinge

54
Q

Pronounce L

A

Broad
L with nasal sound
Lúnasa, pobal

Slender
L with y sound Million,
Will you
Leanaí, silín, leaba

55
Q

Pronounce M

A

Broad
/m/ much
Madra, dom, má

Slender
/my/ music
Méar, fuaim

56
Q

Pronounce N

A

Broad
/n/
Lón, suntraí, Naoi

Slender
/ñ/
Nimh, líne, Ní

57
Q

Pronounce P

A

Broad
Put / pot
paca

Slender
Pew / pure
peaca

58
Q

Pronounce R

A

Broad
Er (Spanish single R)
Rothar, rince

Slender
Ear
Scríobh, litir

59
Q

Pronounce S

A

Broad
ss
Árasan, srón, súil

Slender
sh
Scéal, scian, ispín

60
Q

Pronounce T

A

Broad
/t/
Tongue at back of teeth instead of roof of mouth
Tú, tráta

Slender
/ch/ in chair
Tongue at back of teeth instead of roof of mouth
Té, báisteach

61
Q

Sometimes slender consonants don’t happen to be next to a slender consonant.

After a slender consonant and before a broad vowel

Before U

A 
Insert a silent I before U
Piúratánach,
Biuró
Fiu, fliuch
Miúil, 
Tiubh
Diúltú,
Siúl,
Niúmóíne
Ciúin,
Giúdach, giúistís
Liúntas,
Billiún,
chiúin
62
Q

Sometimes slender consonants don’t happen to be next to a slender consonant.

After a slender consonant and before a broad vowel

Before A, O

A 
Insert a silent E before A, O
Peann, peaca
Beo, beann, bean, 
Feá, fear, feoil,
Mean, meon, feirmeoir
Teocht,
Deoch, dealbh, deoir, caighdeán
Cisean, Seán, seoladh, siopa
Neamh, neart, neodrach, 
Ainneoin, tinneas, fuinneog
Ceol, ceann
Geab, geall, geonaíl, gearr
Leáigh, leo, bileog, leor
Muilleoir
Reoite
Bheo, mheall,
Cheann, cheo
Gheall, dheoch, gheobhaidh
63
Q

Sometimes slender consonants don’t happen to be next to a slender consonant.

After a broad vowel and before a slender consonant

A

Insert a silent I

Caipín, aipindic, naipcin, páipéar, cóip
Lúib, láib, aibí.
Caife, proifíl
Aimsir, noiméad,
Áit, caite, dóite, brúite,
Báid, láidir, maide, móide,
Cáis, cláirseach, dúiseacht, náisiún,
Sheáin, bain, ciúin, úinéir, móin
Áine, ainneoin, dúinn
Cailc, constaic
Aigne, óige, Nollaig
Fáil, Cóil, cailín, cailc, baile, dáil, suimiúil
Caill, áill, cailleach, foill, guaillí
Cóír, airgead, cairde, dúirt, gáire,
Dóibh, láimhe,
Dóichí,
Iarraidh, amuigh, dóigh, chuaigh, saighdiúrí, thosaigh, rachaidh.
64
Q

Sometimes broad consonants are not next to broad vowels.

After a broad consonant and before a slender vowel

Before Í, I, or E

A

Add U (sometimes A or O) before I, Í, or E

Puinn, siopaí
Buí, buile, buidéal, buíochas,
Faí, foinse, fuil, fuilleach, fuíoll, fuinneog,
Maíomh, muire, muicfheoil, muice, muintir, muid, muin,
Tuí, toinn, tuigeann, tuile, tuilleadh, tuismitheoir, potaí,
Gadaí,duibhe, duilliúr, duit, rudaí,
Suí, saíocht, suim, cleasaí,
Naíonán, naíonra, nuige,
Ceannaí,
Laí, málaí, ballaí, luí, luisne,
Ruibheanta,
Earraí, Ciarraí,
Cacaí, cuí, cuileog, cuimhin, cuid, cuireadh, cuisneoir,
Fuinneogaí, gloine, goid, guí, eagraíocht,
Bhuí, bhuíochas, mhuire,
Chuile, chuir, chroí, chuí,
Ghuí, ghoid, dhuine

65
Q

Sometimes broad consonants are not next to broad vowels.

Between broad consonants

Instead of Í or É

A

Insert AO instead of Í or É* (pronounced like Í or É)

Baol, baoth,
Faoi,
Maol,
Taoiseach, taom,
Daoine,
Saor, saol, saoirse, saothar, 
Naoi, naomh, 
Lao, laoch, 
Raon, saoraithe, 
Caoi, caol, 
Gaol, 
Mhaol,
Chaoi, 
dhaoibh,
66
Q

Sometimes broad consonants are not next to broad vowels.

Between broad consonants

Instead of É

A 
Insert AE instead of É
laethanta, laethúil,
Carraeir,
Gaeltacht, gaeilge, 
ghaeilge,
67
Q

Sometimes broad consonants are not next to broad vowels.

After a slender vowel and before a broad consonant

After É or E

A

Insert A

Séap, 
Beagán,
Créatur,
Seicéad, éad,
Béas,
Léan,
Réalt,
Péacog, pléasc,
Bréag,
Féach,
bheadh,
68
Q

Sometimes broad consonants are not next to broad vowels.

After a slender vowel and before a broad consonant

After Í or I

A

Insert O

Sliop, 
Síob, piobar, íobairt, 
Gaofar, iontaofa, naofa,
Díot,
Síoda,
Thíos,
Buíon, iníon, líon, mion,
Mionna, daonna, mionn,
Aol, díol, míol, síol,
Fuíoll,
Cíor,
Díobh, scríobh,
Buíoch,
bhíodh,

Gaeilge (11 decks)

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