Pronouns 2 Flashcards
Questo libro è il mio preferito. (This book is my favorite.)
Here, “questo” (or questa/questi/queste) indicates…
a noun that is within reach of the speaker and the person to whom (s)he is speaking.
Questa casa è molto bella. (This house is very beautiful.)
What does “questa” (or questo/questi/queste) indicate here?
“Questa” indicates a noun that is within reach of the speaker and the person to whom (s)he is speaking.
Vado all’università questo pomeriggio. (I go to the university this afternoon.)
“Questo” is used here because…
“Questo/questa/questi/queste” signify time and proximity.
Quanto costa quel capello? (How much does that hat cost?)
Here, “quel” (or quello/quella/quei (quegli)/quelle) indicates…
a noun out of the speaker’s reach or nearer to the listener than the speaker.
Quella maglietta è molto costosa. (That shirt is very expensive.)
Here, “quella” (or quello/quei (quegli)/quelle) indicates…
a noun out of the speaker’s reach or nearer to the listener than the speaker.
Complete the sentence with the appropriate demonstrative adjective: “_______ donne sono le nostre professore.” (______ women are our teachers.)
The women are far away from both the speaker and the listener, but still within visual distance.
quelle (those [over there])
Quello/quella/quei (quegli)/quelle along with the suffixes -ci and -là are used to indicate nouns which are far away.
______ giorni che abbiamo trascorso nel villaggio lo scorso inverno. (_____ days we spent in the village last winter.)
Pick the correct demonstrative adjective and defend your answer.
a) quei
b) questi
c) quegli
A) quei, because “quello/quella/quei (quegli)/quelle” can be used to distinguish between a recent past and a more distant one.
In quei giorni, la macchina non esisteva. (At that time, a car didn’t exist.)
Here, “quei” is used because…
“Quello/quella/quei (quegli)/quelle” can be used to distinguish between a recent past and a more distant one.
State this sentence in Italian: Those books and those newspapers are on the table.
Word bank:
- libri = books
- giornali = newspapers
- sul = on the
- tavolo = table
- sono = are
- e = and
Quei libri e quei giornali sono sul tavolo.
Demonstrative adjectives directly precede the noun they modify. If there are multiple nouns in a sentence, the demonstrative adjective should directly precede each noun.
List the six Italian demonstrative pronouns and their English translations.
- questo/questa (this, m/f)
- questi/queste (these, m/f)
- quello/quella (that, m/f)
- quelli/quelle (those, m/f)
Mi piace questo. (I like this one.)
How would you change the above sentence to emphasize “questo”?
by adding “qui” (here) or “lì” (there) to the end of the sentence.
How would you say “I like that one there,” in Italian? Explain.
Mi piace quello lì.
Emphasize forms of “questo” and “quello” by adding “qui” (here) or “lì” (there) to the end of the sentence.
Quello che lavora qui è mio fratello. (This one who works here is my brother.)
What is the role of the demonstrative pronoun (quello) in this sentence?
Demonstrative pronouns replace nouns in phrases instead of modifying them.
La mia casa è più grande di quella. (My house is bigger than that one.)
True or False: In the sentence above, “quella” is being used as a demonstrative adjective.
False. “Quella” is being used as a demonstrative pronoun.
La torta è molto grande. (The cake is very big.)
In the above sentence, replace “la torta” with a demonstrative pronoun.
Questa torta è molto grande. (This [one] is very big.)
Demonstrative pronouns agree in gender and number with the nouns they replace.
Translate “Peter’s car and Maria’s,” into Italian. (Hint: ‘l’automobile’ means ‘car.’)
L’automobile di Peter e quella di Maria.
Demonstrative pronoun + di can indicate possession.
Translate “what/which?”
che?
What’s “about what?” in Italian?
di che?
State “who/whom?” in Italian.
chi
A. Che fai?
B. Che cosa fai?
C. Cosa fai?
Which sentence(s) mean “What are you doing?” in Italian? Justify your answer.
A, B, and C. In Italian, “che” can also be expressed by “che cosa” and “cosa.”
In Italian, “Whose house is this?” is…
Di chi è questa casa?
whose? = di che?
Complete the sentence: ____ era il film che guardavi? (What was the film you watched?)
Qual
“Quale” drops the final -e before “è” or “era,” and an apostrophe is not used.
Translate “which?” and “which ones?”
quale? (which); quali? (which ones)
State all versions of “how much/how many?” in Italian.
quanto (m. s.)
quanta (f. s.)
quanti (m. pl.)
quante (f. pl.)
What’s “How are you?” in Italian? (Hint: ‘stai’ means ‘you are.’)
Come stai?
In Italian, “When are you coming?” is…
Hint: vieni = you are coming.
Quando vieni?
Translate “Where is the bathroom?”
Word bank:
- il bagno = the bathroom
- si trova = is
Dove si trova il bagno?
What’s “Where are you [formal] from?” in Italian? (Hint: ‘è’ means ‘you are.’)
Di dove’è Lei?
di dove? = from where
State “Why do you say that?” in Italian. (Hint: ‘dici’ means ‘you say.’)
Perché dici questo?
perché = why
Che è quello? (What is that?)
Here, “che” is used as…
a subject. “Che” can be used as a subject, direct object, or object of a preposition.
Che vuoi? (What do you want?)
How is “che” used here?
As a direct object. “Che” can be used as a subject, direct object, or object of a preposition.
Di che parlano? (What do they talk about?)
Explain how “che” is being used here.
As an object of a preposition. “che” can be used as a subject, direct object, or object of a preposition.
Chi è lei? (Who is she?)
Here, “chi” is used as…
a subject. “Chi” can be used as a subject, a direct object, or an object of a preposition.
Chi vuoi vedere? (Who do you want to see?)
What is “chi” being used as here?
As a direct object. “Chi” can be used as a subject, a direct object, or an object of a preposition.
Di chi parlano? (Who are they talking about?)
How is “chi” used here?
As an object of a preposition. “Chi” can be used as a subject, a direct object, or an object of a preposition.
Qual è il nome di questa via? (What is the name of this street?)
Here, “qual” is used instead of “quali,” because…
“quale/quali” agrees in number with the person/thing it refers to. Here, “via” is singular, so the singular “qual” is used. (See previous card on the usage of ‘qual’ instead of ‘quale.’)
____ è la ragione per la quale è partito? (What is the reason for which he left?)
Fill in the blank and justify your answer.
a) che
b) qual
b) qual
“Quale” is used instead of “che” with essere + abstract noun, except when requesting a definition.
True or false: “What is Buddhism?” in Italian is, “Che è il buddismo?”
True. “Che” is used instead of “quale” when requesting a definition.
___ musica preferisci? (____ music do you prefer?)
Fill in the blank and justify your answer.
a) che
b) quale
a) che
“Che” usually precedes a noun, but “quale” never does.
____ è la tua musica preferita? (_____ is your favorite music?)
Fill in the blank and justify your answer.
a) qual
b) che
a) qual
“Che” usually precedes a noun, but “quale” never does.
What’s “What a woman!” in Italian? Justify your answer. (Hint: ‘donna’ means ‘woman.’)
Che donna!
Che + noun/adjective/adverb! = How/what a noun/adjective/adverb!
State “How delicious!” in Italian and explain your answer. (Hint: ‘buono’ means ‘delicious.’)
Che buono!
Che + noun/adjective/adverb! = How/what a noun/adjective/adverb!
In che + noun constructions, a qualifying adjective after the noun is usually preceded by…
più/tanto (the most/so).
Translate “You have so many friends!” in Italian.
Word bank:
- amici = friends
- hai = you have
Quanti amici hai!
Quanto + noun! = How many/much noun!
What’s “We ran so much this morning!” in Italian? Defend your answer.
Word bank:
- mattina = morning
- abbiamo corso = we ran
Quanto abbiamo corso questa mattina!
“Quanto + verb” is used to stress the intensity or extent of an action.
Translate “How much does this shirt cost?” Justify your translation.
Word bank:
- camicia = shirt
- costa = cost
Quanto costa questa camicia?
“Quanto” and its variants must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify.
What’s “How many apples do you have?” in Italian? Explain.
Word bank:
- mele = apples
- hai = you have
Quante mele hai?
“Quanto” and its variants must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify.
State “Oh how that man dances!” in Italian. Justify your answer.
Word bank:
- uomo = man
- balla = dances
“Come balla quell’uomo!”
“Como” is used in front of verbs to express surprise at how a verb was done.
The book you bought is interesting.
Is this translation correct: “Il libro hai comprato è interessante”? Explain.
No. It should be “Il libro che hai comprato è interessante,” because the relative pronoun (here, ‘che’) is never omitted.
Peter vive in una città. La città si chiama Sydney. = Peter vive in una città che si chiama Sydney. (Peter lives in a city. The city is called Sydney. = Peter lives in a city [that is] called Sydney.)
What concept does the above example illustrate?
Relative pronouns are used to connect two short sentences.
List the four translations of “as much/many” in Italian.
- quanto
- quanta
- quanti
- quante
Translate “The woman who lives there is my sister.” Explain.
Word bank:
- vive = lives
- sorella = sister
- là = there
- donna = woman
La donna che vive là è mia sorella.
The relative pronoun “che” can refer to the subject of the sentence.
What’s “The woman who we saw yesterday is my sister” in Italian? Defend your answer.
La donna che abbiamo visto ieri è mia sorella.
The relative pronoun “che” can refer to the object of the sentence.
State “The first time I saw him was last week” in Italian and explain.
Word bank:
- la settimana scorsa = last week
- era = was
- prima = first
- vidi = I saw
- volta = time
La prima volta che lo vidi era la settimana scorsa.
“Che” is used after nouns denoting periods of time (e.g., vece, giorno, anno).