Pronouns Flashcards
1
Q
List the subject pronouns in Italian and their English translations.
A
-io = I
-tu = you
-lui/lei/Lei = he, it/she, it/you (sing. formal)
-noi = we
-voi = you (pl. informal)
-loro/Loro = they (m., f.)/you (pl. f.)
2
Q
What are the direct object pronouns in Italian and their English translations?
A
-mi = me
-ti = you (sing. informal)
-lo/la/l’ = him, it/her, it
-ci = us
-vi = you (pl.)
-li/le = them (m., f.)
3
Q
The indirect object pronouns in Italian and their English translations are…
A
-mi = me
-ti = you (sing., inf.)
-gli/le = him, it/her
-ci = us
-vi = you (pl. informal)
-loro/Loro = them
4
Q
List the prepositional pronouns in Italian.
A
-me = me
-te = you (sing. informal)
-lui/lei/Lei = him, it/her/you (sing., formal)
-noi = us
-voi = you (pl. informal)
-loro/Loro = them (m., f.)/you (pl. formal)
5
Q
What are the reflexive pronouns in Italian?
A
-mi = myself
-ti = yourself
-si = himself/herself/itself/themselves
-ci = ourselves
-vi = yourselves
6
Q
Translate the following: “You [familiar, singular] are very kind.”
A
Tu sei molto gentile.
tu = you (familiar, singular)
7
Q
What is “you” (familiar, plural) in Italian?
A
voi
8
Q
Translate the following: “You [formal, singular] are very kind.”
A
Lei è molto gentile.
Lei = you (formal, singular) (Euro. Port.)
9
Q
What’s the difference between “Lei” and “lei”?
A
Lei = you (formal, sing.)
lei = she
10
Q
The difference between “Loro” and “loro” is…
A
Loro = you (all; familiar, plural)
loro = they
11
Q
Fill in the blank: “Lei ____ parlare inglese” (‘You, sir, can speak English’).
A
sa
Lei and Loro always take the third person form of the verb, singular or plural.
12
Q
Translate: “Today we are going to the city center.”
A
Oggi andiamo al centro della città.
Subject pronouns are usually omitted, because the verb conjugation indicates the subject.
13
Q
List the cases in which the subject pronoun is used.
A
-for emphasis
-contrast
-on its own without the verb
-in comparisons
14
Q
Should the subject pronoun be used here: “Io lo faccio!” (‘I do it!’)?
A
Yes: The subject pronoun is used for emphasis.
15
Q
What’s “I speak and you listen,” in Italian?
A
Io parlo e tu ascolti.
The subject pronoun is used for contrast.
16
Q
True or false: “It is raining,” in Italian is “Lui piove.”
A
False. It’s “piove”–when talking about the time and weather, the subject pronoun is omitted.
17
Q
Translate “Who bought it? Me.”
A
Chi l’ha comprato? Io.
The subject pronoun is used on its own without the verb.
18
Q
Direct object pronouns replace…
A
the direct object noun in a sentence.
19
Q
“Leggiamo libri” (We read books).
The direct object noun in this sentence is…
A
“Libri,” because it receives the action of “leggiamo.”
20
Q
“Leggiamo libri” (We read books).
Replace the direct object noun in this sentence with a direct object pronoun.
A
Li leggiamo.
“Libri” is plural and masculine, and since it represents inanimate objects, third person, the direct object pronoun “li” is used.
21
Q
Translate “They love me.”
A
Loro mi amano.
The direct object of a sentence can be a person.
22
Q
What are the two cases in which direct object pronouns are used?
A
-to substitute nouns when the thing/person being discussed is clear, and to avoid repetition
-to replace the entire information or idea that’s already been presented
23
Q
Translate “Mark reads a book. He reads it.”
A
Euro.: Mark legge il libro. Lui lo legge.
Direct object pronouns are used to substitute nouns when the thing/person being discussed is clear, and to avoid repetition.
24
Q
“Ho comprato un vestito nuovo. Lo so,” (‘I bought a new robe. I know (it)’).
In these sentences, how is the direct object pronoun being used?
A
to replace the entire information or idea that’s already been presented
25
Order the following words to form the sentence "She has seen me":
-lei
-ha
-visto
-mi
Lei mi ha visto.
In the perfect tense, the direct object pronoun precedes have/be in the verb conjugation.
26
Translate "Read it."
Leggilo.
The direct object pronoun is attached to the end of affirmative commands.
27
What's "Do not read it" in Italian?
Non leggerlo.
In Italian, the direct object pronoun is attached to the end of the negative command.
28
In Italian, "I would like to see her," is...
Mi piacerebbe vederla.
When a verb is followed by another verb in the infinitive, the direct object pronoun can be placed either before the first verb or attached to the end of the infinitive.
29
Ha scritto una lettera a Sandra. (He wrote a letter to Sandra.)
Rewrite the above sentence using indirect object pronouns.
lui le ha scritto (He wrote to her.)
"Sandra" is the indirect object and so can be replaced with the indirect object pronoun "le."
30
Lui ha comprato un regalo per me. (He bought a gift for me.)
What's "He bought me a gift" in Italian?
Mi ha comprato un regalo.
31
Indirect object pronouns follow the same word order rules as...
direct object pronouns.
32
Io scrivo a John. (I write to John.)
Rewrite the above sentences using indirect object pronouns and explain your answer.
Io gli scrvio. (I write to him.)
"Gli," the masculine third person indirect pronoun ('to him'), goes before the noun.
33
If "You teach John" is "Tu insegni a John," then what is "You teach him"? Explain your response.
Tu gl'insegni/Tu gli insegni.
Gli becomes gl' before verb forms beginning in -i. This rule is archaic, however, and can be broken.
34
Parliamo a Sandra. (We speak to Sandra.)
What's "We speak to her," in Italian? Defend your answer.
Le parliamo.
"Le," the feminine third person indirect pronoun ('to him'), goes before the noun.
35
Parla agli studenti. (She speaks to the students.)
Translate "She speaks to them." Explain.
Parla loro.
"Loro" follows the conjugated verb and doesn't agree in gender.
36
What are 10 common verbs used with indirect object pronouns and their English translations?
-comprare qualcosa a (gli/le) = to buy something for somebody
-contare qualcosa a (gli/le) = to tell something to somebody
-dare qualcosa a (gli/le) = to give something to somebody
-dire qualcosa a (gli/le) = to say something to somebody
-scrivere qualcosa a (gli/le) = to write something to somebody
-inviare/mandare qualcosa a (gli/le) = to send something to somebody
-mostrare qualcosa a (gli/le) = to show something to somebody
-chiedere qualcosa a (gli/le) = to ask something of somebody
-servire qualcosa a (gli/le) = to serve something to somebody
-apportare qualcosa a (gli/le) = to bring something to somebody
37
When there are both direct and indirect object pronouns in the same sentence in Italian, which goes first?
The *indirect* object pronoun precedes the *direct* object pronoun.
38
Complete the sentence: "Lui ti compra dei regali. Lui ________" (He buys you some gifts. He buys you some [of it, of them]).
te ne compra
39
Complete the sentence: "Lei mi dà un libro. Lei ________" (She gave me a book. She gave it to me).
me lo dà
40
Before a direct object pronoun, the indirect object pronoun "mi" becomes...
me
41
State what the indirect object pronoun "ci" becomes before a direct object pronoun.
ce
42
Complete the sentence: The indirect object pronoun "vi" becomes __ before a direct object pronoun.
ve
43
What does the indirect object pronoun "ti" become when it precedes a direct object pronoun?
te
44
mi (indirect) + lo (direct) =
me lo
45
gli/le (indirect) + __ (direct) = glielo
lo
46
gli/le (indirect) + la (direct) = __
gliela
47
gli/le (indirect) + l' (direct) = __
gliel'
48
gli/le (indirect) + _ (direct) = glieli
li
49
gli/le (indirect) + ne (direct) = __
gliene
50
Le (indirect) + lo (direct) = __
Glielo
51
Le (indirect) + la (direct) = __
Gliela
52
Le (indirect) + l' (direct) = __
Gliel'
53
Le (indirect) + li (direct) = __
Glieli
54
Le (indirect) + le (direct) = __
Gliele
55
Le (indirect) + ne (direct) = __
Gliene
56
List four prepositions of place.
-a
-in
-su
-con
57
Vado a Madrid. (I go to Madrid.)
What's "I go there" in Italian? Defend your answer.
Ci vado.
The pronoun "ci" means "there" and usually replaces a noun or phrase that represents a place and is introduced by a preposition of place.
58
If "You go to France," is "Vai in Francia," then what is "You go there"? Justify your answer.
Ci vai.
The pronoun "ci" means "there" and usually replaces a noun or phrase that represents a place and is introduced by a preposition of place.
59
Penso spesso al mio lavoro. (I often think about my job.)
Rewrite the above sentence in Italian to "I often think about it," and explain.
Ci penso spesso.
"Ci" usually replaces a thing that is preceded by "a" (or sometimes 'in,' 'su,' or 'con').
60
Hai parlato a Daniela? Sì, __ ho parlato. (Have you talked to Daniela? Yes, I have talked to her.)
Pick the option that best completes the above sentence and explain your choice.
a) ci
b) le
b) le
"Ci" replaces things and never people.
61
True or false? "I think of him," in Italian is "Ci penso." Justify your response.
False. It's "Penso a lui," because "ci" replaces things and never people.
62
Translate "There is a book on the table," and explain your answer.
Word Bank:
-tavolo = table
-libro = book
C'è un libro sul tavolo.
"Ci" is used in the expression "c'è", which means "there is."
63
What's "There are letters on the table," in Italian? Explain your answer. (Hint: 'lettere' means 'letters.')
Ci sono lettere sul tavolo.
"Ci" is used in the expression "ci sono," meaning "there are."
64
Ho due fratelli. (I have two brothers.)
Turn the above sentence into "I have two of them," in Italian. Defend your answer.
Ne ho due.
"Ne" can replace a quantity, which can be introduced by a partitive article, number, fraction, adverb of quantity, or expression of quantity.
65
Complete the conversation below and explain your answer.
Quanti libri hai comprato? (How many books did you buy?)
___________________. (I bought a lot.)
Ne ho comprato moltissimi.
"Ne" can replace a quantity, which can be introduced by a partitive article, number, fraction, adverb of quantity, or expression of quantity.
66
Compro una bottiglia di latte. (I buy one bottle of milk.)
Change the above sentence into "I buy one bottle of it," in Italian and explain your response.
Ne compro una bottiglia.
The quantity and the adverb of quantity is always repeated.
67
1. Penso ne. (I think about it.)
2. Vivo ce. (I live there.)
Which sentence(s) are grammatical? Justify your choice.
A) neither
B) 1
C) 2
D) 1 and 2
A) none
"Ci" and "ne" precede the conjugated verb, with one exception.
68
If "I speak about my job," is "Parlo del mio lavoro," then what is "I speak about it," in Italian? Justify your response.
Ne parlo.
"Ne" usually replaces a thing (noun or sentence) which is introduced by "di" or "da" (of/about).
69
1. Hai parlato di Daniela? (Did you speak about Daniela?)
2. Sì, ne ho parlato di lei. (Yes, I spoke about her.)
Is sentence 2 grammatical? Why or why not?
"Ne" never replaces a person, because in this case, the disjunctive pronoun should be used. Sentence 2 should be "Sì, ho parlato di lei."
70
Translate "I am going away/leaving." Explain.
Me ne vado.
"Ne" is used in certain expressions.
71
1. Voglio andarci. (I want to go there.)
2. Ne ha bisogno di comprar tre. (He needs to buy three of them.)
Which sentence(s) are grammatical? Explain your answer.
A) neither
B) 1
C) 2
D) 1 and 2
B) 1
In a sentence with two verbs, one conjugated and the other infinitive, "ci" or "ne" should be attached to the infinitive. Sentence 2 should be "Ha bisogno di comprarne tre."
72
State the prepositions and their English equivalents that precede prepositional (disjunctive) pronouns.
-a = to/at
-di = from
-in = in
-per = for
-su = on/about
-con = with
-senza di = without
73
Fill in the blank: "Suo padre parla di ___" (His father is talking about me).
me
Prepositional (disjunctive) pronouns are used after prepositions.
74
Complete the sentence: "Lei è più giovane di ___" ('She is younger than him').
lui
Disjunctive pronouns are used for comparisons.
75
How do you say "I did it myself," in Italian? Explain. (Hint: 'l'ho fatto' means 'I did it.')
L'ho fatto io stesso
"Stesso" can be added to the subject pronoun for emphasis.
76
In Italian, "I get dressed" is...
-vestire = to dress
Mi vesto.
(Here, the reflexive is used.)
77
1. Mi lavo. (I wash myself.)
2. Lavo il mio cane. (I wash my dog.)
Which sentence is reflexive?
1.
78
Make "parlare" (to talk) reflexive.
parlarsi (to talk to onself/each other)
79
In Italian, "my house" is...
-casa = house
la mia casa
All possessive adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they modify.
80
What are the four versions of "my" in Italian?
-il mio
-i miei
-la mia
-le mie
81
List the four versions of "your [singular, informal]" in Italian?
-il tuo
-i tuoi
-la tua
-le tue
82
The four versions of "his/her/its" in Italian are...
-il suo
-i suoi
-la sua
le sue
83
State the four versions of "your [plural]" in Italian.
-il vostro
-i vostri
-la vostra
-le vostre
84
What are the four forms of "we" in Italian?
-il nostro
-i nostri
-la nostra
-le nostre
85
List the four forms of "their" in Italian.
-il loro
-i loro
-la loro
-le loro
86
Translate "My brother," and explain. (Hint: 'fratello' is 'brother.')
mio fratello
Possessive adjectives don't use definite articles when followed by singular nouns relating to family members or relatives, except with "loro," "vostro," and "nostro."
87
What's "their father" in Italian? Explain.
il loro padre
Possessive adjectives don't use definite articles when followed by singular nouns relating to family members or relatives, except with "loro," "vostro," and "nostro."
88
State "our uncles" in Italian and justify your answer. (Hint: 'zii' means 'uncles.')
i nostri zii
Possessive adjectives don't use definite articles when followed by singular nouns relating to family members or relatives, except with "loro," "vostro," and "nostro."
89
Translate "your [plural] uncles." Defend your response.
i vostri zii
Possessive adjectives don't use definite articles when followed by singular nouns relating to family members or relatives, except with "loro," "vostro," and "nostro."
90
Complete the sentence "Ha messo ____ mani nelle tasche" (He put his hands in his pockets).
le
The definite article is used instead of the possessive adjective when relating body parts, clothing, or personal possessions *when the possessor is clear.*
91
Translate "Your house is bigger than mine" in Italian.
-casa = house
La tua casa è più grande della mia.
Possessive pronouns are used to replace a noun accompanied by a possessive adjective. The possessive pronouns must agree with the noun they replace in gender and number and be used with the appropriate definite article.
92
Fill in the blank: "Il mio computer è rotto. Posso usare ______?" ('My computer is broken. Can I use yours?').
il tuo
Possessive pronouns are used to replace a noun accompanied by a possessive adjective. The possessive pronouns must agree with the noun they replace in gender and number and be used with the appropriate definite article.
93
Fill in the blank: "Ho inviato una lettera al mio amico. Hai mandato ______?" (I sent a letter to my friend. Did you send one to yours?).
al tuo
Possessive pronouns can be used with contracted forms of the definite article.
94
Is this sentence grammatical? "Questo libro è il mio" ('This book is mine.') Explain why or why not.
No. It should be, "Questio libro è mio," because the definite article is usually ommitted after the verb "essere."
95
Complete the dialogue.
"E'questo il cellulare di Maria?" (Is this Maria's cellphone?).
"Sì, questo è _____" (Yes, it is hers).
il suo
96
What's "this man" in Italian?
quest'uomo
Demonstrative adjectives agree with nouns in gender and number.
97
True or False: "this woman" in Italian is "questa la donna."
False; it's "questa donna." The definite article is not used with demonstrative adjectives.
98
"This" (masculine and feminine) in Italian is...
questo/questa
99
What's "these" (masculine and feminine) in Italian?
questi/questa
100
State "that" (masculine and feminine) in Italian.
quello (quel')/quella
101
Translate "those" (masculine and feminine).
quei (quegli)/quelle
102
Fill in the blank: ______ studente. (That [male] student.)
quello
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
103
Translate "that [male] friend."
quell'amico
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
104
What's "that book" in Italian?
quel libro
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
105
In Italian, "those [male] students" is...
quegli studenti
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
106
State "those books" in Italian.
quei libri
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
107
Complete the sentence: ______ studentessa. (That [female] student.)
quella
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
108
Translate "that [female] friend."
quell'amica
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
109
What's "that magazine" in Italian?
quella rivista
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
110
In Italian, "those [female] students" is...
quelle studentesse
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
111
State "those magazines" in Italian.
quelle riviste
"Quello" has forms similar to those of the definite article and the same ones as "bello."
