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Ap Pyschology > Prologue(1-16) > Flashcards

Prologue(1-16) Flashcards

0
Q

Plato

A

(Student of Socrates)- Mind is separable from body and continues after the body dies, and knowledge is innate born within us

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1
Q

Pyschology

A

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

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2
Q

Socrates

A

Concluded that mind is separable from the body and continues after the body dies, and knowledge is innate born within us

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3
Q

Aristotle

A

(Student of Socrates)- Soul is not separable from the body, and the same holds good of particular parts of the soul

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4
Q

Descartes

A

Believes in the same ideals as Plato & Socrates, and “Minds being entirely distinct from the body” and able to survive its death

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5
Q

Francis Bacon

A

Introduced Scientific Method, implies drawing knowledge from the natural world through experimentation

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6
Q

John Locke

A

Adapted the Theory of Tabula Rasa, believe humans start off with a blank slate and we build our experience through experience, father of Empiricism

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7
Q

Empiricism

A

The view that a knowledge comes from experience via the senses, and science flourishes through observation and experiment

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8
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

Opened first laboratory for psychology in Leipzig, Germany

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9
Q

Structuralism

A

An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure if the human mind

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10
Q

Edward Titchener

A

Introduced & brought structuralism to U.S. and opened first U.S. lab in Cornell

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11
Q

Introspection

A

Self-Reflective (Looking Inward)

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12
Q

Functionalism

A

A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish

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13
Q

William James

A

Developed Functionlism- focused on how mental & behavioral process function(Wrote Principles of Psychology)

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14
Q

Mary Calkins

A

(Student of James) Pioneer the way of psychology for women, first women president of the American Psychology Association(APA)

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15
Q

Margaret Floy Washburn

A

First women to receive a PH. D in psychology

16
Q

Humanistic Psychology

A

Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people; used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth

17
Q

Nature-Nurture Issue

A

The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions the genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors

18
Q

Natural Selection

A

The principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

19
Q

Levels of analysis

A

The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon

20
Q

Evolutionary Perspective

A

How the natural selection of traits promotes the perpetuation of one’s genes

21
Q

Behavior Genetics Perspective

A

How much our genes and our environment influences our individual difference

22
Q

Neuroscience Perspective

A

How the body & brain enable emotional, memories and sensory experience

23
Q

Psychodynamic Perspective

A

How behavior springs from unconscious drives & conflicts

24
Q

Behavioral Perspective

A

How we learn observable responses

25
Q

Cognitive Perspective

A

How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information

26
Q

Social-Cultural Perspective

A

How behavior and thinking vary across situations & cultures

27
Q

Basic Research

A

Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

28
Q

Applied Research

A

Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

29
Q

Biological Psychologists

A

Exploring the links between brain and mind

30
Q

Developmental Psychologists

A

Studying our changing abilities from womb to tomb

31
Q

Cognitive Psychologists

A

Experimenting with how we perceive, think, and solve problems

32
Q

Personality Psychologists

A

Investigating our persistent traits

33
Q

Social Psychologists

A

Exploring how we view and affect one another

34
Q

Counseling Psychology

A

A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being

35
Q

Clinical Psychology

A

A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders

36
Q

Psychiatry

A

A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical (For example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy

Ap Pyschology (6 decks)

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