prokaryotic cells/viruses Flashcards
1
Q
differences compared to eukaryotic
A
- much smaller
- has 70S ribosomes
- no nucleus
- dna loop floats in cytoplasm
- no membrane-bound organelles
- cell wall made of murein
2
Q
components
A
- capsule ( hides antigens)
- mesosomes (infolds of cell mem)
- plasmids (few extra genes)*
- dna loop
- 70S ribosomes
- cell wall (murein)
- cell membrane
- flagella (movement)*
- cytoplasm
3
Q
how do they replicate?
A
by binary fission
4
Q
why are viruses akaryotic?
A
due to their absence of living nuclei
5
Q
why are viruses non-living?
A
as they cannot respire or reproduce independently
6
Q
components of virus
A
- genome
- capsid
- attachment proteins
- envelope*
7
Q
why are viruses acellular?
A
as they are not made from cells
8
Q
genome
A
consists of DNA or RNA
9
Q
capsid
A
a protein coat that protects genome
10
Q
attachment proteins
A
allows virus to attach to and enter host cell
11
Q
how do viruses replicate?
A
1) attaches to host cell surface by proteins
2) virus enters the host cell or enters hosts genome
3) viruses uses hosts enzymes to replicate itself
4) virus particles leave host cell to affect new host cells
