eukaryotic cells

Question 1

what is a eukaryote?

Answer 1

where genetic material is enclosed within the nucleus and has other organelles which are surrounded by membranes

Question 2

structure + function of rough endoplasmic rectilium (RER)

Answer 2

s = organsied, interconnected membranes that are often connected to nuclear membranes
f = transport + synthesise proteins

Question 3

structure + function of ribosome

Answer 3

s = made of protein + RNA
f = protein synthesis

Question 4

structure + function of SER

Answer 4

s = disordered interconnected membranes
f = transport + synthesise lipids

Question 5

structure + function of cytoplasm

Answer 5

s = thick,gel like substance
f = some chemical reactions occur here

Question 6

structure + function of perm vacuole (PC)

Answer 6

s = surrounded by membrane tonoplast
f = storage and osmotic control

Question 7

structure + function of vesicle

Answer 7

s = small fluid sac that can move between diff organelles
f = transport

Question 8

structure + function of golgi

Answer 8

s = stacks of non- connected membranes
f = modify,transport and repackage proteins

Question 9

structure + function of cell membrane

Answer 9

s = bilayer made of phospholipids + protein
f = controls what enters + leaves the cell

Question 10

structure + function of nucleus

Answer 10

s = double membrane
f = code for protein synthesis

Question 11

structure + function of nuclear envelope

Answer 11

s = double membrane with pores
f = allows mRNA to leave during photosynthesis

Question 12

structure + function of nucleolus

Answer 12

s = dense region inside of nucleus
f = make ribosomes (rRNA)

Question 13

structure + function of chromatin

Answer 13

s = made from DNA + protein
f = packages dna

Question 14

structure + function of mitochondria

Answer 14

s = double membrane structure
f = synthesise ATP in aerobic respiration

Question 15

structure + function of lysosomes

Answer 15

s = specialist vesicle made by golgi, contains digestive enzymes
f = digest worn out organelles

Question 16

structure + function of centrioles (animal only)

Answer 16

s = cylindrical arrangement of protein tubes
f = form spindle fibres to separate chromosomes in cell division

Question 17

structure + function of microvilli (animal only)

Answer 17

s = folded membrane
f = increase surface area of cells involved in absorption + secretion

Question 18

structure + function of cilia (AC)

Answer 18

s = hair like structures
f = sweep + move mucus

Question 19

structure + function of chloroplasts (PC)

Answer 19

s = double membrane
f = synthesise glucose using light energy

Question 20

structure + function of cell wall (PC)

Answer 20

s = strong, rigid, inelastic fully permeable layer made of polysaccharide fibres
f = provides structural strength to cells

Question 21

structure + function of plasmodesmata (PC)

Answer 21

s = pores between neighbouring cell walls
f = allows rapid transport between cells

Question 22

mitochondria - cristae

Answer 22

folded membrane with stalked particles attached used to synthesise ATP

Question 23

mitochondria - matrix

Answer 23

contains enzymes used in respiration + protein synthesis

Question 24

mitochondria - ribosomes

Answer 24

70s, synthesises protein

Question 25

mitochondria - stalked particles

Answer 25

synthesise ATP

Question 26

mitochondria - DNA loop

Answer 26

self replication of mitochondria

Question 27

chloroplast - thylakoids

Answer 27

contain light absorbing pigment molecules, where light dependent reaction occurs

Question 28

chloroplast - stroma

Answer 28

enzyme rich fluid where light independent reactions takes place

Question 29

chloroplast - ribosomes

Answer 29

70s, protein synthesis

Question 30

chloroplast - DNA loop

Answer 30

self replication of chloroplast

Question 31

how are cells organised in multicellular organisms?

Answer 31

tissues -> organs -> organ systems