Prokaryotic Cells And Viruses

Question 1

What is a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 1

A prokaryotic cell is a simple, single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Question 2

True or False: Prokaryotic cells have their genetic material enclosed within a nuclear membrane.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What are the two main domains of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 3

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic cells reproduce asexually through a process called __________.

Answer 4

binary fission

Question 5

What structure provides shape and protection to prokaryotic cells?

Answer 5

Cell wall

Question 6

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 6

Ribosomes

Question 7

True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be multicellular.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What is the primary difference between Bacteria and Archaea?

Answer 8

Their genetic and biochemical differences, including membrane composition and cell wall structure.

Question 9

What is a virus?

Answer 9

A virus is a microscopic infectious agent that requires a living host cell to replicate.

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of viruses? A) They can reproduce on their own B) They contain genetic material C) They can infect living cells D) They are smaller than prokaryotic cells.

Answer 10

A) They can reproduce on their own

Question 11

Fill in the blank: Viruses are classified based on their __________.

Answer 11

genetic material (DNA or RNA)

Question 12

True or False: Viruses have a cellular structure.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

What is the term for the outer protein coat of a virus?

Answer 13

Capsid

Question 14

What process do viruses use to enter host cells?

Answer 14

Attachment and penetration

Question 15

What type of virus incorporates its genetic material into the host’s genome?

Answer 15

Retrovirus

Question 16

Multiple Choice: Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus? A) Tuberculosis B) Influenza C) Malaria D) Strep throat.

Answer 16

B) Influenza

Question 17

What is the lytic cycle?

Answer 17

The lytic cycle is a viral reproductive cycle that results in the destruction of the host cell.

Question 18

Short Answer: Name one method used to control viral infections.

Answer 18

Vaccination

Question 19

True or False: Antibiotics are effective against viruses.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What is the role of the viral envelope?

Answer 20

The viral envelope helps the virus enter host cells and evade the host’s immune system.

Question 21

What does the term ‘pathogen’ refer to?

Answer 21

An organism or agent that causes disease.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: Prokaryotic cells can be classified based on their shape, such as __________, __________, and __________.

Answer 22

cocci, bacilli, spirilla

Question 23

What is the primary function of plasmids in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 23

Plasmids carry extra genetic information that can provide advantages, such as antibiotic resistance.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which structure is found in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells? A) Nucleus B) Ribosomes C) Plasmids D) Mitochondria.

Answer 24

C) Plasmids

Question 25

Short Answer: What is one major ecological role of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 25

Decomposition

Question 26

True or False: All viruses are harmful to humans.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

What is the term for the infection process where a virus integrates its DNA into the host genome?

Answer 27

Lysogenic cycle