Alevel Biology Investigating Mitosis

Question 1

What is mitosis?

Answer 1

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.

Question 2

True or False: Mitosis occurs in prokaryotic cells.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What are the main stages of mitosis?

Answer 3

The main stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The structure that organizes the spindle fibers during mitosis is called the __________.

Answer 4

centrosome

Question 5

During which phase do chromosomes align at the cell’s equatorial plate?

Answer 5

Metaphase

Question 6

What is the role of spindle fibers during mitosis?

Answer 6

Spindle fibers help separate the chromosomes and pull them to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 7

True or False: Telophase is the final stage of mitosis.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What are sister chromatids?

Answer 8

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome that are connected by a centromere.

Question 9

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis? A) Prophase B) Anaphase C) Interphase D) Telophase

Answer 9

C) Interphase

Question 10

What happens during prophase?

Answer 10

During prophase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers begin to form.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The phase of mitosis where the centromeres split and sister chromatids are pulled apart is called __________.

Answer 11

anaphase

Question 12

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 12

Cytokinesis is the process that follows mitosis, where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate cells.

Question 13

True or False: Mitosis results in genetic variation among daughter cells.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What is the purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

Answer 14

The purpose of mitosis is to enable growth, development, and tissue repair.

Question 15

What structure forms during cytokinesis in plant cells?

Answer 15

Cell plate

Question 16

Multiple choice: What is the correct order of mitosis phases? A) Telophase, Metaphase, Prophase, Anaphase B) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Answer 16

B) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 17

What happens during telophase?

Answer 17

During telophase, chromosomes de-condense, the nuclear envelope re-forms, and the spindle fibers disassemble.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The protein that regulates the cell cycle and ensures proper division is called __________.

Answer 18

cyclin

Question 19

What is the significance of checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Answer 19

Checkpoints in the cell cycle ensure that the cell is ready to proceed to the next phase and can prevent errors in cell division.

Question 20

True or False: Mitosis occurs only in somatic cells.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Answer 21

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.

Question 22

What is a karyotype?

Answer 22

A karyotype is a visual representation of an individual’s chromosomes, organized by size and shape.

Question 23

Multiple choice: Which phase is characterized by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope? A) Prophase B) Metaphase C) Anaphase D) Telophase

Answer 23

A) Prophase

Question 24

What role do centrosomes play in mitosis?

Answer 24

Centrosomes organize the microtubules that form the spindle apparatus essential for chromosome movement.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome are called __________.

Answer 25

sister chromatids