Prokaryotic Cells

Question 1

Prokaryotic

Answer 1

No nucleus or nuclear envelope/membrane bound organelles (bacteria)

Question 2

Structure of a bacteria cell

Looks like a tampon

Answer 2

Flagellum- (tail) may be more than one. Used for locomotion(only certain species)
Cytoplasm-jelly like. Contains enzymes and other soluble materials.
Genetic material- large circle of DNA.
Capsule-a mucilaginous layer of slime (only certain species)
Plasmid- small circular piece of DNA(only certain species)
Cell wall-10-80nm thick, made of murein.
Cell surface membrane
Ribosomes- smaller than in eukaryotic cells.

Question 3

Differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

Answer 3

Prolaryotic cells have:

• cytoplasm that LACKS membrane bound organelles.
• smaller ribosomes.
• no nucleus. Instead they have a circular DNA molecule(free in the cytoplasm&not associated with proteins)
• a cell wall that contains murein, a glycoprotein.
• one or more plasmids.
• a capsule surrounding the cell.

Question 4

A virus isn’t A prokaryotic cell but need to know about them….

Answer 4

• They are acellular, non living particles.
• Viruses are smaller than bacteria (20-300nm)
• contain nucleic acids, DNA or RNA as genetic material but only multiply inside living host cells.
• Nucleic acids are enclosed in a protein coat called a capsid.
• They have attachment proteins which are essential to allow the virus to identify and attach to a host cell.
• Have a matrix and reverse transcriptase enzyme and a lipid envelope.