Prokaryotic cells Flashcards
State the definition of prokaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells are single celled organisms. They are simple structure and don’t have a nucleus or any membrane bound organelles.
Which organelles can be found in bacteria cell?
Capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, plasmids, pilli, flagellums, cytoplasm, nucleoid (DNA), ribosomes, food granule.
Explain the structure of cytoplasm?
It contains ribosomes (however smaller than in eukaryotic cells).
Explain the structure of flagellum?
Long hair-like structure that rotates to make the eukaryotic cell move. Not all prokaryotes have a flagellum or they may have more than one.
Explain the structure of cell wall?
Support the cell and prevents it from changing the shape. Made up of polymer called murein.
Murein is a glycoprotein.
Explain the structure of plasma membrane?
Mainly made up of lipids. Cpontrols the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
How the DNA is found in the prokaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic cell doesn’t have a nucleus. DNA floats free in the cytoplasm. Not attaches to any histone proteins.
Explain the function of the plasmids?
Plasmids are small loops of DNA that aren’t the part of the main circular DNA molecule. Plasmids contain genes and they can be passed between the cells. Plasmids are not always present in the prokaryotic cells.
Explain the function of the capsule?
Capsule is made up of secreted slime. It helps to protect the bacteria from attacks by cells of the immune system.
