Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
1
Q
What are some characteristics of prokaryotes?
A
- No distinct nucleus
- No membrane-bound organelles
- Many small rings of DNA called plasmids
- Unicellular
2
Q
What are characteristics of eukaryotes?
A
- Nucleus
- Membrane bound organelles
- Unicellular or multicellular
- More complex and bigger than prokaryotes
3
Q
What do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
A
- DNA
- Ribosomes
- Cytoplasm
- Cell membrane
4
Q
What are some roles of organelles in eukaryotes?
A
- To facilitate transport of substances
- Allow biochemical processes (eg. cellular resp. and photosynthesis)
- Synthesis of complex molecules
5
Q
What is synthesis?
A
The combination of simpler elements to form compounds.
6
Q
What is the purpose of compartmentalisation?
A
- To create a separate niche for organelles and reactions
- To allow more functions to occur by separating organelles
7
Q
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
A
Eukaryotes were formed when a bacterial cell was engulfed by a prokaryote but not fully digested so it could continue to produce energy for the prokaryote.
8
Q
What two organelles evolved from endosymbiosis?
A
Mitochondria and chloroplasts.
