Biomacromolecules Flashcards
What are the four main biomacromolecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
What are monomers?
Building blocks - they can join with other monomers to create a chain.
What is a carbohydrate monomer called?
Monosaccharide
(2 = disaccharide, >3 = polysaccharide)
What is a lipid monomer called?
Triglyceride - one triglyceride molecule contains one glycerol molecule with three fatty acid chains attached.
What is a protein monomer called?
Peptide
(2 = dipeptide, >3 = polypeptide)
What is a nucleic acid monomer called?
Nucleotide
What are the elements in a carbohydrate?
CHO (Ratio = 1:2:1)
What are the elements in a lipid?
CHO (Ratio = 1:≥3:1)
What are the elements in a protein?
CHON
What are the elements in a nucleic acid?
CHONP
What are the functions of carbohydrates?
Primary fuel/energy source
What are the functions of lipids?
Component of cell membrane, insulation and protection, hormone production and nutrient absorption.
What are the functions of proteins?
Hormone messengers, transporters in membrane and function as enzymes
What are the functions of nucleic acids?
Storage of DNA
