Prokaryotes And Eukaryotes Genome Flashcards
What is a regulatory gene
Gene that regulates the Exp of one/more structural genes by controlling the production of a protein which regulates their frequency of transcription
Relationship between enhancer and activator
Enhancer is being switched on/off by protein activator
Upregulation
Speed up regulation
General TF vs Specific TF
- both are protein with DNA binding site
- protein that bind to promoter which aid in forming TIC
Vs protein that bind to enhancer/silencer that stimulate/repress transcription of the related gene
- the action of TFs allow for unique expression of each gene in different cell types and cell developments
What is a promoter
Critical elements/short sequences within the eukaryotic promoter, consisting of TATA box ~10 upstream and CAAT and GC box further upstream
what does a typical tandem repeat consist of
a short nucleotide sequence repeated consecutively many times in a row
advantage of alternative splicing
enables a large number of proteins to be produced in relative to the number of genes,
producing different protein isoforms from ONE GENE
what are isoforms
alternative forms of the same PROTEIN
what are promoters
serves as a recognition site for the binding of GTF and RNA polymerase to initiate transcription
the sequence within the promoter determines its strength of it, determining the binding strength and hence affect the transcription frequency
r/o btwn critical elements and transcription frequency
the more the number of critical elements within promoter resemble the consensus sequences, the greater the binding efficiency btwn GTFs and promoter, increasing the frequency of transcription