Prokaryotes

Question 1

Cytoplasm

Answer 1

• Region within the cell which contains all other organelles suspended in the cytosol liquid

Question 1

Prokaryotes

Answer 1

• Bacteria and Archaea
• Contains cytoplasm, ribosomes, nucleoid, plasmid, vacuole, (in some species: cilia or flagellum), plasma membrane, cell wall
  Cytoplasm

Question 2

Cytosol

Answer 2

• Mix of water, salts, and biomolecules, that suspend organelles

Question 3

Ribosomes

Answer 3

A ribosome is an intercellular structure made of both RNA and protein, and it is the site of protein synthesis in the cell. The ribosome reads the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence and translates that genetic code into a specified string of amino acids, which grow into long chains that fold to form proteins.

Question 4

Nucleoid

Answer 4

• Discrete concentration of DNA located within the cell’s interior

Question 5

Plasmid

Answer 5

• Small circular molecules of DNA that carry a small number of genes

Question 6

Vacuole

Answer 6

• Membrane-bound internal space
• In prokaryotes, composed of the plasma membrane derived from the surface of the cell
• Involved in the storage of water, nutrients, and waste products

Question 7

Cilia

Answer 7

• Extensions from the cell specialized in movement
• Does NOT use a cytoskeleton
• Motile cilia occur in large numbers
• Much shorter than flagella
• Works like oars, with alternating power and recovery strokes

Question 8

Flagellum

Answer 8

• Extensions from the cell specialized in movement
• Does NOT use a cytoskeleton
• Cells usually have one or few flagella
• Longer than cilia
• Has undulating (smoothly rising and falling) motion that generates force in the same direction as the flagellum’s axis