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Biology Chapter 7 > Prokaryotes > Flashcards

Prokaryotes Flashcards

1
Q

Prokaryotes are what groups?

A

bacteria and archaea

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2
Q

Prokaryotes lack…

A

membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles

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3
Q

Prokaryotes are _____ celled and very ____

A

single; small

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4
Q

What are the 6 structures of a prokaryote (intracellular)?

A
  1. ribosomes
  2. plasmid
  3. cell wall
  4. plasma membrane
  5. chromosome
  6. cytoplasm
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5
Q

What region of the cell are chromosomes located?

A

nucleoid

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6
Q

What are chromosomes composed of?

A

dna and proteins

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7
Q

What do chromosomes contain?

A

genes

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8
Q

What are genes?

A

segments of DNA that code for polypeptides

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9
Q

What is the plasmid?

A

small, circular DNA molecule (additional genetic information)

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10
Q

What do plasmids provide?

A

advantages such as antibiotic resistance

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11
Q

Why are plasmids important for research purposes?

A

They allow the manipulation of gene expression

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12
Q

chromosomes and plasmids are ______ to fit inside of cells

A

supercoiled

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13
Q

What does the cytoplasm do?

A

holds the contents inside of the cell

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14
Q

What does the cytoplasm contain?

A

cytosol

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15
Q

What is cytosol?

A

located in the cytoplasm; “cell solvent” and holds other components and organelles

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16
Q

What are ribosomes?

A

the protein manufacturing factory

17
Q

What do ribosomes do?

A

transfer information store in RNA in proteins

18
Q

What is ribonucleoprotein?

A

protein and RNA

19
Q

Ribosomes contain ______ and _______ subunits

A

large and small

20
Q

What is the cytoskeleton?

A

the “skeleton” of the cell

21
Q

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

A
  • composed of protein filaments
  • maintain cell shape
  • essential for cell division
22
Q

What are the extracellular components of the prokaryote?

A

flagella and fimbriae

23
Q

What is the function of flagella?

A

rotate to propel cell through water

24
Q

What is the function of the fimbriae?

A

attach to surfaces and establish infection

Biology Chapter 7 (3 decks)

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