# Project Management Fundamental Terms Flashcards
Terms / Abbreviations
- Root cause analysis (RCA)
- Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA)
- Convergence - participating decision making models in for conversions for collective agreements
- American Society of Quality (ASQ)
- Project Network Diagram (PND)
- Memoranda of agreements (MOA) - SLA
- Master Service Agreement (MSA)
- Two-way Communication: (1) Dispatching model - top down communication (2) Collaborative model - interactive communication between sender and receiver
- Scope creep is a common issue when requirements aren’t properly defined from the start.
Collaboration - benefits
The benefits of collaboration include
- generating wiser decisions
- promotes problem-solving
- promotes action
- builds social capital
- ownership of collective problems.
Customer collaboration types / reactions
- Accept (what they are asking for)
- Avoid (create a work-around)
- Ameliorate (reduce the impact)
- Cover (make it invisible to the user, clean up)
- Resolve (eliminate it once for all)
General management skills
- These include the application of accounting, procurement, sales and marketing, contracting, manufacturing, logistics, strategic planning, human resource management, standards and regulations, and information technology
- Для team development: communicating, negotiating, problem solving, influencing
Influence diagrams
valuable tool for illustrating influences on a project or project element
Interpersonal skills
The ability to interact, lead, motivate, and manage people.
Общие типы
- Leadership - aligning, motivating, inspiring
- Influencing - orga structure and authority .
- Persuasive - Быть убедительным и “продавать” решение
- Active listening- подтверждаем, что поняли сообщение, через повторение тех же фраз, даем фитбек, prompts for clarity, and other signs of confirmation.
- Effective listening - считываем body language, paralingual знаки, и заадем наводящие вопросы - надо понять, что подразумевается под тем, что нам говорят
- Maintain trust
Из stakeholder engagement:
* Emotional intelligence - understandning the root causes of emotions .
* Active listening
* Facilitations techniques - могу вести встречу/беседу
* Negotiation
* Conflict management
* Cultural awareness
* Observation/conversation
* Networking
* Political awareness
For agile projects:
* emotional intelligence
* active listening
* facilitation techniques
* negotiation
* conflict resolution
* participatory decision making.
Management Powers
TOP:
- Expert-experienced - expert PM or technicial
- Reward-incentive - can reward a project team
- Formal-positional (authoritative, and legitimate) - power is because of the position as the project manager.
- Coervice-threatened (punitive) - manager can punish
- Referent-references - Option 1: team personally knows the project manager. Option 2: the project manager refers to the person who assigned him the position.
Others:
- Avoding power - refuses to act, get involved or make decisions or just give up on some point
- Guilt-based power - The project manager can make the team and stakeholders feel guilty to gain compliance in the project
- Informational power The individual has power and control of the data gathering and distribution of information.
- Ingratiating (льстивый) power - through flattery (лесть)
- Personal - Warm personality
- Persuasive (убедительный) power- убеждает
- Pressure-based power - The project manager can restrict choices to get the project team to perform and do the project work.
- Situational power - The project manager has power because of certain situations in the organization.
Management Styles
TOP:
- Autocratic - manager (e.g.PM) makes all decisions
- Democratic - team involved in dicisions making
- Laissez Faire - manager allows team to lead and make decisions
- Exceptional / Transactional - Rewards and punishments - management by exception as it’s the exception that is rewarded or punished (10% тех и 10% других)
Others:
- Interactional (интерактивный) leadership - the leader is a hybrid of transactional, transformational, and charismatic leaders. The interactional leader wants the team to act, is excited and inspired about the project work, yet still holds the team accountable for their results
- Charismatic leadership - Motivation, has high energy, motivate through convictions what’s everything is possible
- Adaptive Leadership - A leadership style that helps teams to thrive and overcome challenges throughout a project.
- Servant - The leader puts others first and focuses on the needs of the people he serves. Servant leaders provide opportunity for growth, education, autonomy within the project, and the well-being of others. The primary focus of servant leadership is service to others. (mostly agile/Scrum)
- Transformational leadership - The leader inspires and motivates the project team to achieve the project goals. Transformational leaders aim to empower the project team to act, be innovative in the project work, and accomplish through ambition.
- Emergent leadership is the leadership that grows naturally within an organization based on the leader’s abilities
PMI Talent Triangle
Defines three areas of PDUs for PMI certified professionals to maintain their certification. The PMI Talent Triangle includes
- technical project management
- leadership
- strategic and business management
Project benefits management plan
- A documented created and maintained by the project sponsor and the project manager.
- defines what benefits the project will create, when the benefits will be realized, and how the benefits will be measured.
Project environment
The location and culture of the environment where the project work will reside.
The project environment includes the social, economic, and environmental variables the project must work with or around.
System Dynamics
Relationship between components (Departments, Projects, Management, Employees, Bureaucracy, Politics, Policies)
Theory of Constraints
Delivery - типы подтверждений
- verified deliverable - has been completed before meeting with a customer
- validated deliverable - accepted by the customer.
Project Selection Methods
There are 2 categories of methods to select projects
Benefit Measurement Methods (Comparative Approach)
- Murder Board
- Peer Review
- Scoring Models
- Economic Models
- Net Present Value (NPV)
- Internal rate of return (IRR)
- Pay-Back period
- Cost Benefit Analysis
Constrained Optimization Methods (Mathematical Approach)
Utilizes a formulaic approach to evaluate projects
- Linear Programming
- Non-Linear Programming
- Integer Programming
- Dynamic Programming
- Multi-Objective Programming
