PROGRAMMING/PLANNING/PRACTICE Flashcards
CATCHMENT AREA
Geographic area from which the participants in an activity are drawn. it grows and shrinks with the activity. AKA market, trade, or tributary areas.
PROGRAMMING STATEMENT
Problem statement. Solutions and strategies are not given.
DESIGN CONCEPT
A physical solution for a problem.
FUNCTIONAL PROGRAM
Owner provided data for analysis/creation of a Facilities Program.
FACILITIES PROGRAM
Program that considers scope, area minimums and adjacencies, ballpark costs, and site analysis.
What are the four components of a Program?
Function, form, economy, and time.
Function: the objectives and needs
Form: site, structure,existing components
Economy: budget to build and maintain/operate
Time: the schedule needed to complete the work
PROCTOR COMPACTION TEST
Geotechnical test to determine the maximum, practically achievable, density of soils and aggregates.
BASELINE
Survey term for the parallel used as the basis for the east-west layout of the US Survey system.
STANDARD PARALLELS
parallels between the baselines in the US survey system
PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN
Basis for the North-South grid layout of the US Survey system.
GUIDE MERIDIAN
Meridians between the principal meridians.
Metes-and-bounds
verbal description of land that begins at a known points and desscribes the bearing
What is the chief goal of programming
Identify the nature of the problem.
Define the efficiency of a building.
Net area/gross area
Humus
the organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms
What are the uses of Mulch
Mulch is used to conserve moisture, prevent surface compaction, reduce runoff and erosion, improve soil structure, or control weeds.
What is muck?
Combination of soil and water, having a higher mineral content than peat.
FAR (Floor Area Ratio)
Ratio of the building footprint to the footprint of the lot.
What has the second greatest impact to the size of a building?
Building Codes. Codes set the minimum sizes for many elements.
Property Tax
Property tax is based on a property’s value. The value that is taxed is not necessarily the property’s market value.
Mannerism
Mannerism was a style of architecture in Italy that evolved between the Renaissance and baroque periods. It was characterized by the use of classical elements used in unconventional ways. Laurentian Library is an example.
Define 3 characteristics of The City Beautiful Movement from the 1890’s
1) Launched a classical revival. 2) Led to greater awareness in city planning. 3) Resulted in a profusion of domed buildings
Circulation Route (city)
It is a path such as a street or highway.
District
A section of a city that has an identifying character, such as a neighborhood, suburb, or college campus.
Landmark
A prominent visual feature that acts as a point of reference such as a department store, city hall, train station
Node
A center of activity such as a square, plaza, or civic center.
What are two characterizations of the Second Empire Style?
Mansard Roofs and the pavilion which consisted of one or more forward breaks in elevation. This style originated during the second french empire in the late 19th century.
When should you use a spread footing?
Use a spread footing when good soils can be found at shallow depths.
What does symmetry evoke in a man made environment?
Formality and Authority
What are ways to discourage criminal activity in a house development?
Streets that continue through the site
Direct visual access
Symbolic barries
Play areas located close to homes
How many SF are in an Acre
43,560
What is FAR
Floor Area Ratio - The ration of the groos floor area of a building and the gross land area on which it sits.
What building shape would you use in a temperate climate?
The building should be shaped with it’s long facade on its east-west axis
What items are included in the life-cycle cost?
Construction Cost, Operational Cost, Taxes, Financing, Replacement, and Renovation
True or False: A greater initial cost generally has a lower life time cost.
True
In preserving a historic building with deteriorated features what should you do?
Reasonable effort should be made to use the property at it’s original intent. Changes that have been made over time to the original may have value in their own right and should be respected. Deteriorated features should be repaired when feasible. Contemporary design for alteratioons aren’t discouraged if the design is compatible and doesn’t destroy the significant architectural, historical, or culltural material
How are exiting widths determined?
By the total number of occupants in the building. The total width is determined by the total occupant load of a particular floor plus an additional allowance for occupants from the floors above and below that floor.
How are buildings classified?
By their use and type of construction
What do zoning ordinances stipulate?
Type of development
Allowable land coverage
Densities
Building Height and Area
What do building codes regulate?
Height by type of construction
Life Safety
Use
