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Laura Notes > PDD > Flashcards

PDD Flashcards

1
Q

Sprinkler Fusable Head Temperature is trigger between?

A

135 - 175 degrees

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2
Q

Flow detectors connect to an annunciation panel typically in what type of sprinkler system

A

Wet Pipe

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3
Q

Wet pipe sprinkler system

A

Most common and pipes filled with water

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4
Q

Dry Pipe

A

Pipes filled with air or nitrogen until sprinkler head activated

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5
Q

Pre action sprinkler

A

Delayed response for control of sprinklers

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6
Q

Sprinkler use types:

A

Standard residential
Extended coverage
Quick response
Early suppression fast response

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7
Q

Standpipes for fire suppression

A

Standpipes provide hose connection (150’ in no sprinkler/200 for sprinkler)

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8
Q

Candlepower

A

Power at the source of lighting

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9
Q

Lumen

A

Measures flux

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10
Q

Foot candle

A

Measures amount of light striking a surface

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11
Q

FootLambert

A

Measures reflected or transmitted brightness

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12
Q

Color temperature for lighting

A

Impacts appearance of light in space. Varies by use and precision.

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13
Q

The most stringent or restrictive building element related to fire safety

A

Fire wall

Fire barrier is about 1 hour resistant Fire partition is least

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14
Q

Number of Stories for shaft enclosures by hour rated

A

2 hours is 4 or more
1 hour is 3 or less

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15
Q

Smoke barrier characteristics

A

Can be vertical or horizontal
Can be a wall/floor/ceiling
Restrict movement of smoke
Often required in hospitals or medical facilities
Not required to be rated

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16
Q

Architect is responsible for the integration of the following?

A

MEP
Structure
Site Building
Specialty systems

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17
Q

What duct shape is most efficient?

A

Round

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18
Q

Vapor Barrier is located and used for

A

Prevent damage from condensing moisture. Needs to be installed on the warm side or room side of the wall.

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19
Q

What is the purpose of a vestibule in a high rise building

A

Provide an area of refuge and space for standpipe connections and fire department communications.

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20
Q

Max speed of an elevators is limited by

A

Building height. Which needs space to speed up and down. Can move about 300-1800 feet per minute

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21
Q

How to prevent electrolysis

A

Separate all reactive metals with building felt or other non-conductive material such as mastic, building paper or other material.

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22
Q

Door Swing defined

A

Hand refers to the side the hinges are on and reverse indicates swing direction if towards a person standing at the door.

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23
Q

Proprietary Specs

A

Specs that uses specific name of manufacturers products

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24
Q

Relationship between resistance to heat flow through a material

A

Inverse of each other R=1/C

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25
Q

Bending moment of a retaining wall

A

Bending moment = Earth Pressure x Height/3
Earth pressure (Area of a triangle) = Soil pressure x height/2
Soil pressure = pressure x height

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26
Q

Result of excessive hard water

A

Steel pipe will plug up with deposits.

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27
Q

Deflection for beams

A

Live load = L/360
Total load =L/240

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28
Q

Thermal expansion equation

A

Coefficient of expansion X Length X delta in temperature

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29
Q

Foundation Pressure

A

Foundation Pressure = P(load)/A(area of footing)

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30
Q

Clayey Sand Soil foundation Pressure

A

2000 PSF

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31
Q

Lift rate of water

A

2.3 ft/psi

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32
Q

Section Modulus

A

S=M(moment)/Fb(design value)

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33
Q

Lightweight concrete benefits

A

Provides good thermal insulation
Resistance to fire

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34
Q

Simple Beam Moment Equation

A

wL^2/8

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35
Q

Required Plastic Section Modulus for Steel

A

Z=Mx1.67(factor of safety for bending)/yield stress(Fy)

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36
Q

Tons per Btuh

A

1 ton = 12000 Btuh

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37
Q

Accidental Torsion

A

Assumed to be displaced a distance equal to 5% in each direction

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38
Q

Internal Stress (expansion delta due to change in temperature)

A

P/A=coefficient of expansion x modulus of elasticity x change in temperature

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39
Q

How do Internal Forces Act

A

Internal forces act in the opposite direction from assumed forces.

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40
Q

Bulb Size Diameter

A

R rating x 1/8” = diameter
R-40 x 1/8” = 5” bulb

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41
Q

Angle load in tension

A

Find the length of the support in tension (Pythagorean theory) then divide by the vertical span and multiply by load supported (half the load if two points at top)

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42
Q

Torsional Stress

A

Occurs with rigid diaphragm when the center of mass doesn’t coincide with center of rigidity

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43
Q

U-Value, K-value and R value, C value

A

R=1/K for material
R=1/U for overall building section
C=1/R for materials conductance

R is resistance to heat transfer
U is overall coefficient of heat transfer
K coefficient of heat transfer per inch of material

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44
Q

ASTM steel standards

A

Letter is type of material or process
A36 most common carbon steel
A500 carbon steel
A242 is corrosion-resistance, high strength, low alloy steel
A572 is high strength, low alloy steel not corrosion resistant

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45
Q

Wattage Rating

A

P(wattage rating) = V(volts) x I (current) x power Factor

V=I x R(resistance=ohms)

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46
Q

To avoid electrolysis

A

Pick materials as close to each other on galvanic action chart.

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47
Q

Calculate Moment of R(right)

A

Moment = 0 = Sum of (load x distance) including R(left) x distance solve for R(left)

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48
Q

Sound dB impacts

A

Double distance = -6dB
Double volume = +3dB

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49
Q

Energy Transfer Wheel

A

Transfers heat between two air streams (such as incoming and exhaust) to cool or heat air accordingly

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50
Q

Gust effect factor for rigid structures

A

0.85

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51
Q

Illumination

A

E=candlepower/area

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52
Q

Hydrated Lime in mortar

A

Increased water and workability

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53
Q

Deflection in a steel beam

A

L^3/EI

I = moment of Inertia. Increase to reduce deflection

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54
Q

Plywood grades

A

N - natural and free of defects
A - smooth and paintable
B - Solid Surface Veneer
Cplugged - limited splits and holes. Less than 1/2”
C - limited splits and holes (1” or less) minimum for exterior grade
D - limited splits and knotholes up to 3”

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55
Q

Sound absorption Equation

A

Sum of Total area of each surface multiplied by its respective coefficients

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56
Q

Moment of a steel beam

A

=(weight psf x span^2)/8

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57
Q

Dead Load Resisting Moment Factor

A

1.5 times the overturning moment

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58
Q

Common size of brick

A

3-5/8 thick by 2-1/4 tall by 7-5/8 long

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59
Q

Noise Criterion Curves

A

NC curves allow for greater sound pressure levels permitted at lower frequencies

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60
Q

Max vertical force for gravity and seismic overturning

A

= load on member + overturning moment

Over turning moment = overturning moment divided by the diagonal in vertical for a 4 leg structure (2 legs in the diagonal) distance

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61
Q

Moment of inertia

A

I = bd^3/12

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62
Q

Dew point

A

The point were air can hold no more pressure.

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63
Q

Deflection formula for simply loaded beam

A

5wl^4/(384EI)

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64
Q

Strap footing

A

A footing for two columns that is somewhat far

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65
Q

Area of beam

A

(1.5*Vmax)/fv

Vmax is max sheer
Fv is allowable sheer

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66
Q

Ceramic glass

A

Best used for areas exposed to fire hazards

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67
Q

Flexure

A

Asfy/.85fc*b

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68
Q

Total Resistance

A

RT=1/(1/R1+….)

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69
Q

Cantilever Truss

A

Top chord in tension
Bottom chord in compression
Diagonal all have zero stress
Vertical all have zero stress

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70
Q

Division 00

A

Procurement and Contracting

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71
Q

Division 01

A

General Requirements ( coordinate with owner-architect and owner-contractor agreements)

72
Q

Division 02

A

Existing Conditions

73
Q

Division 03

A

Concrete

74
Q

Division 04

A

Masonry

75
Q

Division 05

A

Metals (Structural Steel)

76
Q

Division 06

A

Wood, Plastics and Composites

77
Q

Division 07

A

Thermal and Moisture Protection

78
Q

Division 08

A

Openings

79
Q

Division 09

A

Finishes

80
Q

Division 10

A

Specialties - Typically installed manufactured items (bathroom dividers, display boards, lockers, corner guards, etc…)

81
Q

Division 11

A

Equipment (Building Specific - Kitchen equipment, teller stations, vaults, refuse equipment, etc…)

82
Q

Division 12

A

Furnishings

83
Q

Division 13

A

Special Construction (Swimming pool, kennel, athletic court, security vault (a building/room or large element that is its own room or something freestanding)

84
Q

Division 14

A

Conveying Equipment

85
Q

Division 21

A

Fire Supression

86
Q

Division 22

A

Plumbing

87
Q

Division 23

A

HVAC

88
Q

Division 25

A

Integrated Automation

89
Q

Division 26

A

Electrical

90
Q

Division 27

A

Communications

91
Q

Division 28

A

Electronic Safety and Security

92
Q

Division 31

A

Earthwork

93
Q

Division 32

A

Exterior Improvements

94
Q

Division 33

A

Utilities

95
Q

Division 34

A

Transportation

96
Q

Division 35

A

Waterway and Marine Construction

97
Q

Division 40

A

Process Interconnections

98
Q

Division 41

A

Material Processing/Handling

99
Q

Division 42

A

Process Heating/Cooling/Drying

100
Q

Division 43

A

Process Gas/Spec Gas

101
Q

Division 44

A

Pollution and Waste Control

102
Q

Division 45

A

Industry-Specific Manufacturing

103
Q

Division 46

A

Water and Wastewater Equipment

104
Q

Division 48

A

Electrical Power Generation

105
Q

Items not in spec

A

Contractural elements - payment, insurance, etc
Construction Schedules
Environmental or Site surveys/Assessments
Boring Logs
Electronic Instruments of Service

106
Q

Spec Section Format

A

Part1 - General (includes delivery, storage, handling of materials)
Part2 - Product info
Part3 - Execution (the how to install, quality control, cleaning

107
Q

Leed/Sustainability Specifications

A

Identified in division 01
Includes - Project Sustainability Goals and associated certifications if applicable, Required submittals and prep documents, tests and hazardous material and chemicals, related definitions, product certifications, packaging requirements, construction activity related controls.

108
Q

GreenFormat

A

CSI method to organize sustainable information

109
Q

Spec Standards

A

Specify either desired result or product
Must be measurable
Avoid placing burden on one party
Avoid ambiguous (and/or, etc)
Keep concise
One idea per paragraph

110
Q

Polymer-Modified mineral-based EIFS systems

A

Have high impact resistance and provide good insulation

111
Q

Ionization-type Fire Dectectors

A

Have a measure chamber, need to be replaced every 5 years and work best at the incipient stage of a fire. Not good for kitchens and welding shops as they put particles in the air.

112
Q

Required Accuracy of details

A

Property Lines are most important due to legal concerns, column lines are important for layout
cabinets are detailed oriented, exposed finishes require more precision than hidden.

113
Q

Who is responsible for overall project coordination

A

The Architect

114
Q

Where are Submittal Procedures Defined

A

Defined in Division 1

115
Q

Fireplace Restrictions

A

Hearth must be 16” unless opening is 6 SF or greater when it must be 20” deep
hearth must extend 12” on either side of opening

116
Q

Heating Degree Days

A

Equal to the delta per day of the average temperature vs the base temperature, when colder than the base.

117
Q

Impervious Material

A

almost no absorption

118
Q

Factor Of Safety against Sliding

A

Sliding Resistance/Total Force to Cause
(Total Vertical Load x coefficient of friction)/(average horizontal load (triangle) x height of wall)

119
Q

How to use a resistor

A

Placing a resistor in series with the 12-V outlet would create the necessary voltage drop

120
Q

Live Load Reduction

A

not permitted in place of public assembly
permitted when the member supports more than 150 SF
Equation is .08(Supporting Area-150SF)

121
Q

Live Load Reduction

A

not permitted in place of public assembly
permitted when the member supports more than 150 SF
Equation is .08(Supporting Area-150SF)

122
Q

Dead Load Resisting Moment

A

Equation is Dead load X distance from center of load to the column(s) in question

123
Q

Vermiculite

A

Added to plaster to enhance fire resistance in plaster mix

124
Q

Reinforced Concrete Column Area Ratio

A

Area of longitudinal reinforcement must be at least 1% of the cross-section area of a column

125
Q

Residential Use Groups

A

R1 - Transient (hotels
R2 - Apartments/Live-Work/Dorms
R3 - Not R1/R2 and no more than 2 units
R4 - Rehab/Group Homes/Adult Care Facilities

126
Q

Assembly Groups

A

A1 - Performing Arts/Motion Pictures
A2 - Eating and Drinking
A3 - Recreation
A4 - Activities that must include spectator seating

127
Q

Better insulating Value

A

Higher the R-Value or lower the U-Value the better

128
Q

Lumber Grain Grade

A

Plain saw lumber has more grain than rift or quarter

129
Q

Cantilevered reinforced concrete slab thickness calculation

A

h=L/10

130
Q

Area of Glazing Permitted in a Class B Labeled Fire Door

A

100 square inches

131
Q

Hollow Structural steel types

A

ASTM A500 and ASTM A847

132
Q

Examples of construction systems or materials standardized by national private industry groups

A

Single-ply Membrane Roof Systems
Fire Rated wall assemblies
construction of wood doors
sheet metal

133
Q

For electrical - what approval is required to deviate from industry standard

A

Underwriters Labatory

134
Q

Lath and Plaster Construction accessories

A

Plaster Grounds
Corner Bead
Metal Plaster Beads
drip screed

135
Q

compartmentation of building requirements

A

Area of Refuge
Smoke Control
Fire Sprinklers
Fire Alarm

136
Q

What element is unique to balloon framing

A

The Ribbon

137
Q

Masonry Wall Types

A

Veneer
Reinforced Hollow
Cavity

138
Q

Military Project standardized Specification resource

A

Unified Facilities Guide Specifications

139
Q

Most common type of Steel Used

A

ASTM A992 with yield of 50ksi

140
Q

Concrete Properties

A

Cement
Aggregates
Water

141
Q

Most critical factor for strength of concrete

A

water-cement Ratio

142
Q

Concrete Tests

A

Slump Test - Consistency of the concrete (at jobsite)
Cylinder Test - Compressive strength
Core Cylinder Test - Done post installed

143
Q

Concrete Safety Factor Basic Formula

A

U = 1.2D(dead load) + 1.6L (Live Load)

144
Q

Unreinforced Masonry Wall Max Height Ratios

A

Solid - 20x
Hollow - 18x

145
Q

Wind Load Force

A

Diaphragm - Tension on the receiving side and compression on the opposite.
Beam - Tension in bottom flange and compression in top.

146
Q

Total Shear Force for wind equation

A

Vs = f(total load #/F)x(Length of wall) / 2
Total Load is Windward and leeward load at diaphragm (ex - roof). sum of Force x H/2 for both

Unit stress (v) = Vs/d(depth)

147
Q

Response of a building and Period

A

Period is the time for one complete oscillation of a building

148
Q

How many exits have to be accessible per the IBC

A

if more than one exit, at least two have to be accessible.

149
Q

What doors need to be identifiable to the touch per accessibility requirements

A

Doors leading to hazardous areas will have textured handles

150
Q

Minimum slope away from buildings

A

5% for a minimum of 10’

151
Q

Assembly Space is followed for how many people

A

50 or more people

152
Q

Safe Harbor selection is for what situation

A

Fair Housing Act

153
Q

Radon is a concern at what level

A

4 pCi/L or greater

154
Q

Horizontal Deflection in plywood span to depth ratio

A

4:1

155
Q

Means of Egress

A

Exit Access
Exit
Exit Discharge

156
Q

Steiner Tunnel Test

A

Flame-spread rating

157
Q

Reinforced Concrete Cantilevered Slab Thickness Equation

A

h=L/10 (Convert to inches if needed)

158
Q

Standards for Preservation

A

Used as was historically or a new use that maximizes retention
historic character will be retained and preserved
Property to be recognized as a physical record of its time
Previous changes with historic significance will be retained and preserved
Archeological resources will be protected/preserved
Chemical or Physicals Treatments will be undertaken to preserve unless causes damage
Existing conditions to be evaluated to determine appropriate intervention

159
Q

Standards for Reconstruction

A

Depict vanished or non surviving
Includes Landscape or building
Includes measures to preserve any materials or features or spatial relationships
Based on accurate duplication of historic features and elements
Identified as contemporary re-creation
Designs never executed historically will not be constructed.

160
Q

Secretary of the Interior dictates what

A

Guidelines for Historic Property preserving, rehab, restore and construction

161
Q

Project Cost Estimate Methods

A

Parameter Method - Based on Costs and Units
Matrix Costing - SOV - Every material has line item cost
Unit Cost Method - Detailed actual costs of all items - All labor and material for 20000 bricks to install

162
Q

Life Cycle Cost Analysis

A

Not a LCA (Assessment - Environmental Impact)
Helps determine material costs and if initial savings makes sense in the long run.

163
Q

CM’s Responsibility related to cost

A

To provide cost analysis

164
Q

What method for x-bracing reduces costs in taller structures

A

One Brace stressed in tension while the other is not

165
Q

Economizer Cycle does what

A

Introduces outdoor air when possible to assist with cooling

166
Q

Circuit Vent Location in Plumbing

A

Prior to the last downstream fixture

167
Q

Where does a capillary break go?

A

Between the slab and the insulation

168
Q

2-hour rating in a townhouse setting (independent structures)

A

2-hour per each separate wall, 2 layers for 2 hour

169
Q

Estimating Method at 85%

A

Labor and Materials is recommended.

170
Q

Sound Absorption Material Location

A

Opposite the source

171
Q

Reverberation Time

A

The time required for a sound to decay 60db in a space

172
Q

Disconnect Protection for motor loads is often set higher for the following reason

A

To Permit the motor to start

173
Q

Descriptive Specs don’t do what

A

Describe the end result

174
Q

Standardized Levels of finish in gypsum wallboard refer to what

A

Number of coats of joint compound used.

175
Q

Masonry Joints that need repair by adding fresh mortar while mortar is still green is called what?

A

Pointing

176
Q

Buildings are designed to do what related to water penetration

A

Resist or no suction

Laura Notes (5 decks)

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