Programming Fundementals

Question 1

Define real/float

Answer 1

Numbers that have a decimal point

Question 2

Define Boolean

Answer 2

Can only take one of two values e.g true or false

Question 3

Define character

Answer 3

A single letter,number or symbol

Question 4

Define string

Answer 4

Represents text and is a collection of characters

Question 5

Define casting

Answer 5

Changes the data type

Question 6

Define arithmetic operators

Answer 6

Takes two values and performs a maths function on them

Question 7

Define exponentiation

Answer 7

Used to raise a number to a power

Question 8

Define DIV

Answer 8

Returns the whole number part of a division

Question 9

Define MOD

Answer 9

Returns the remainder part of the division

Question 10

Define assignment

Answer 10

Used to allocate values to variables

Question 11

Define comparison operators

Answer 11

Compares the expression on the left with the one on the right and produces true or false

Question 12

Define constant

Answer 12

Assigned a data value that cannot be changed as the program runs

Question 13

Define variable

Answer 13

A location in memory that holds one or more values and has a name to identify it

Question 14

Define string manipulation

Answer 14

Commands are used which gives you information about a string or allows you to alter the string

Question 15

Define If statements (selection)

Answer 15

Allows you to check if a statement is true or false and then Carrie’s out different actions depending on the outcome

Question 16

Define switch statements (selection)

Answer 16

Checks if a variable has a specific value

Question 17

Define for loop

Answer 17

Repeats the code a fixed number of times

Question 18

Define while loop

Answer 18

Controlled by a condition at the start of a loop which will keep going until the condition is true

Question 19

Define do…until loop

Answer 19

Controlled by a condition at the end of the loop which keeps going until it’s true

Question 20

Define Boolean operators

Answer 20

AND,OR,NOT which are used in selection and iteration statements

Question 21

Define random numbers

Answer 21

Most programming languages have a function to generate random numbers

Question 22

Define arrays

Answer 22

can store a collection of data values all under one name

Question 23

Define 2-D arrays

Answer 23

Each element is a 1-D array

Question 24

Define file handling

Answer 24

How a program can access and change data that is stored in an external file

Question 25

Define records

Answer 25

Used to store a collection of data values which can be different data types

Question 26

Define SQL

Answer 26

Used to search database table for specific data

Question 27

Define sub-programs

Answer 27

Used to save time and simplify code that will usually carry out a specific task

Question 28

Define procedures

Answer 28

Sets of instructions stored under one name. When they need to be carried out you can just call the name of the procedure

Question 29

Define functions

Answer 29

Similar to procedures but these always return a value

Question 30

Name 2 examples of iteration

Answer 30

While loops and for loops

Question 31

Name an example of selection

Answer 31

If statement