Professionalism And Ethics Flashcards
What is the goal of morals?
To protect or cherish, values or “goods”
What is morality?
Concerned with relations between people and how they can live in peace and harmony
What is ethics?
A systematic reflection on and analysis of morality
What is normative ethics?
Aim at identifying understanding and applying justified moral values
What types of things do normative ethics consider?
What types of acts are morally wrong or right? What are morally praiseworthy traits of individuals or institutions? What types of values are morally good or bad for the harmonious functioning of society and the welfare of individuals?
The four descriptors of normative ethics
Obligatory
permissable
good
otherwise morally valuable
What do moral values include?
What is obligatory (right) permissible (all right), good or otherwise morally valuable
Physical therapy Ethics
The set of justified conduct, beliefs, attitudes, relationships, principles ,policies and ideals in physical therapy
Descriptive ethics and ethical ________ mean the same thing.
Relativism
Descriptive ethics
Refers to facts about what people believe in moral matters and how people actually act regardless of whether their beliefs and actions are justified
What is descriptive ethics often tied to?
Religion, job status, political status, some type of group
Empathy versus sympathy
Empathy is understanding another’s position,
sympathy is immersing oneself in the emotions of another
Ethical relativism
Right action consists always and only in following the customs of the group or society to which one belongs
Problems with ethical relativism
Someone might be a member of many groups to standards conflict
it could be used to justify patient immorality
it Makes nonsense of a fundamental aspect of moral reasons
Teleological ethics
Are concerned with consequences
Utilitarianism
In act is right if it is useful to bring about the best consequences overall and produce the most common for the most people
Three elements or principles of ethics
Duties, rights, character traits
What are some ethical duties?
Fidelity, veracity, truth telling, justice, Autonomy
What are a few ethical rights?
Right to life, right to Autonomy, right to healthcare
Describe the A, C, and O of ethical decision-making
A is the moral - internally what we go through C is the course of action what we plan on doing
O is the desired outcome what we want to happen
Ethical distress
This is a type of problem experienced by HCP when he/She knows the right course of action, but there is a barrier (institutional or financial) keeping the HCP from following this course of action
Ethical dilemmas
Situations in which moral reasons come into conflict, and is not immediately obvious what should be done
Six steps involved in responding to ethical dilemmas
- Identify and state the dilemma clearly and concisely
- gather as much factual information on PT’s diagnosis and history
- identify alternative practical courses of conduct in response to
- deliberate and decide
- implement your decision
- review your decisions and decide if changes are needed
When is it okay to break a patient’s confidence?
- An emergency
- patient is incapitated or incompetant
- to protect third parties
- when required by law (STDs ,child or other abuse)
- when asking to commit or hospitalize a psychiatric ill patient
Informed consent
Disclosure of risks and benefits Of participation in research
Purpose of the institutional review boards (IRB)
Established research protocol guidelines, protection of human subjects, review of perspective research proposals
