production methods Flashcards
what is production
takes place when resources such as raw materials or components are changed into products
what are the 4 factors of production
land
capital (machinery)
labour
enterprise
what is a primary business
growing products e.g cabbage field
what is a secondary business
using raw materials to make product e.g using wood to manufacture furniture
what is a tertiary business
a business that offers a service e.g insurance company
what is job production
production of one product at a time
what is a small scale example of job production
baking of a child’s birthday cake
what is a large scale example of job production
building of a ship
what are the advantages of job production
high quality due to skilled workforce
well motivated workers due to varied work
products can be custom made
products are easy to organise
what are the disadvantages of job production
high labour costs due to skilled workers
slower production leading to longer lead times
wide range of specialist tools needed
what is batch production
a method that involves completing one operation at a time on all units before performing the next e.g baker baking bread
when is it used with regards to demand
when demand is regular
what are the advantages of batch production
workers likely to specialise in one process
unit costs are lower due to high output
production is flexible as different orders can be met
full use of machinery is made
what are the disadvantages of batch production
complex machinery needed careful planning and coordinating needed less motivation if workers specialise higher costs if only producing small batch money may be tied up in work progress
what is flow production
productions is organised so different operations can be carried out in a continuous sequence
