Production flow

Question 1

advantages with lines

Answer 1

+ Supports standardization and specification
+ Minimizes the number of planning points
+ Low lead times

Question 2

disadvantages with lines

Answer 2

• Reduced flexibility
• Higher investment costs
• Lower utilization

Question 3

Station

Answer 3

a defined physial area where a sequence of operations is performed

Question 4

Work operation

Answer 4

A defined task that has to be performed on the product to increase or help to increase value.

Question 5

Cycle time

Answer 5

Time it takes for one station to perform its operations.

Question 6

Takt time

Answer 6

The maximum time the stationat a productionline have available befor the product moves forward.

Question 7

Disturbance

Answer 7

any breakdown or problem in one or more stations resulting in a stop or higher cycle time than designed.

Question 8

Balancing Losses

Answer 8

Stations have different designed cycle times.

B=NC-T/NC where N = number of stations, C = highest cycle time and T = Total time for the work tasks on the product.

Question 9

System losses

Answer 9

\+ Variation in stations' cycle time
\+production disturbances
  - breakdowns
  - small stoppages
\+ Interrelations between stations
  - Blocked
  - starved

Question 10

Bottleneck identification

Answer 10

\+High utilization
\+Seldom blocked or starved
\+ Higher buffer levels upstream
\+Resources blocked upstream
\+Resources starved downstream.

Question 11

Objectives of line balancing

Answer 11

• Reduce balancing losses; increased efficiency
• Equal amount of work at each station; Quality and social sustainability aspects
• Better assembly sequence; Quality and ergonomics aspects

Question 12

Theory of constraints

Answer 12

1. Identify the system’s constraint(s)
2. Decide how to exploit the system’sconstraint(s)
3. Subordinate other resources to the constraint(s)
4. Elevate the system’s constraint(s)
5. If in any of the previous steps a constrint is broken, go back to step 1.