Production Animal Diarrhoea

Question 1

List 3 factors involved in calf diarrhoea…

Answer 1

Pathogens
Stress/immunity
Environment and management

Question 2

List 6 pathogens responsible for calf diarrhoea

Answer 2

E. coli
Rotavirus
Coronavirus
Cryptosporidium
Salmonella
Coccidia

Question 3

What proportion of calves do not get enough colostral protection?

Answer 3

Half

Question 4

How many grams of traditional milk replacer are required per litre of water?

Answer 4

125g

Question 5

Describe how much milk replacer is given to each calf and how often…

Answer 5

2 litres BID

Question 6

What is colisepticaemia?

Answer 6

E. coli in the blood stream

Question 7

What is ETEC?

Answer 7

Enterotoxic E. coli

Question 8

What is STEC?

Answer 8

Shiga toxin-producing E. coli

Question 9

Why must the presence of E. coli in a faecal sample of a cow be handled with care?

Answer 9

All faeces will grow E. coli when cultured

Question 10

Describe scours

Answer 10

Watery diarrhoea caused by ETEC

Question 11

What age of calves are effected by ETEC?

Answer 11

3 days - 3 weeks

Question 12

Give the 2 pathogenic factors of ETEC

Answer 12

Adhesive fimbrae

Enterotoxin

Question 13

Describe the clinical signs of STEC in calves…

Answer 13

Diarrhoea

Haemorrhagic colitis

Question 14

What age of calves does rotavirus infect?

Answer 14

1 - 3 weeks

Question 15

Which parts of the gut does rotavirus infect?

Answer 15

Duodenum and jejunum

Question 16

What age of calves does coronavirus infect?

Answer 16

Slightly older that rotavirus

Question 17

Which parts of the gut does coronavirus infect?

Answer 17

Ileum, caecum and colon

Question 18

Describe the clinical signs associated with Salmonella in calves..

Answer 18

Systemic illness

Pyrexia

Question 19

Describe the faeces of a calf with coccidiosis…

Answer 19

May be bloodstained

Question 20

Describe subclincal coccidiosis in calves…

Answer 20

Gives poor thrift

Question 21

Give 5 common causes of diarrhoea in adolescent cows…

Answer 21

Endoparasites
Rumen acidosis
Salmonella
Nutrition
Post-weaning scours

Question 22

Give 3 common causes of diarrhoea in adult cows….

Answer 22

Johne’s disease (MAP)
SARA
Salmonella

Question 23

Describe the diarrhoea in a cow with Johne’s disease…

Answer 23

Hosepipe

Question 24

What is MAP?

Answer 24

Mycobacterium avian paratuberculosis

Question 25

Describe a clinical case of a cow infected with MAP

Answer 25

Severe diarrhoea Weight loss Adult cows infectious

Question 26

How would you treat a cow with MAP?

Answer 26

You don't - no cure. Euthanasia

Question 27

How is MAP diagnosed?

Answer 27

``` Blood test (ELISA) Milk test ```

Question 28

What are the causes of acute and chronic diarrhoea in adult cows?

Answer 28

``` Acute: Salmonella Winter dystentry (corona) Fluke Acidosis ``` Chronic: Johne's Ostertagiosis