production Flashcards
what is production ?
the process by which inputs (resources) are transformed into outputs in the form of a useful product or service
what is job production ?
involves the manufacture or delivery of one-off or a small number of items
- customers are able to specify their exact requirements and is normally a labour-intensive method
- this is usually associated with small-scale businesses who specialise in a particular area and uses skilled employees
examples of job production ?
specialist staff with expertise in a particular skill set :
- watch makers
- hair stylists
- architects
- artists
- surgeons
- tailors
- sculptors
benefits of job production ?
exact customer requirements are met
flexibility in meeting customer needs
high employee motivation
high quality and premium price
negatives of job production ?
time consuming (long lead times)
expensive - labour intensive
no economies of scale
low volume of production
what is batch production ?
involves the production of small quantities of identical products - a batch
- each batch goes through several stages
examples of batch production ?
semi-skilled staff and a greater reliance upon capital equipment :
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- bakeries
- paints
- sports shoes
- ink production
- adhesives
- water purification
benefits of batch production ?
lower labour and unit costs
faster production times
some economies of scale
employees able to specialise/use specialised equipment
negatives of batch production ?
repetitive tasks - low motivation
increased storage required
machines reset between batches
