Product Process Facility Design Flashcards
What is the operational system?
Arrangement of the various means of production. It’s design entails severe crucial decisions concerning work, equipment, technology and spacex
What is the objective of the operational system?
Process the goods and services needed by the organization in line with the competitive attributes of the product
What are the phases of the product life cycle and describe them
Introduction, growth, maturity, decline
What is the product design?
It determines the attributes, characteristics, form and function of the product
What are the product design strategies?
Standardization, simplification, modularity, deleted differentiation
What is standardization?
Use of commonly available and interchangeable parts
Reduction of the number of parts to optimize inventory
Reduced training costs and time
Routine purchases, handling, and inspection
Long prod run and automation
What is simplification?
Minimize the number of parts
Simplify material management processes
Develop products easy to make, pack,a ne ship
Reduce number of transaction
Minimize risk of non-compliant parts, poorly adjusted, etc…
What is a modular design?
A form of standardization in which parts are composed into modules
Modules can be replaced or interchanged
Allows for mass customization
Reduce part cimplexity
What is delayed differentiation?
Manufacturing starts by making a generic product or family of such, that later is differentiated into specific end-product
The level of delay by the customer order decoupling point
Postponement tactics: producing but not quite completing a product until customer prefernes are known
Carry a lot of inventory
What are some strategies for product design and sustainable development?
Reduction of planned obsolescence
Use of material with low environmental impact
Innovative fabrication methods
Reduction of labeling and packaging materials
Ecological footprint minimization (supply chain)
What are the different types of process selection
Project process: intermittent ops, low stand/low volume (ei. Custom tailoring)
Batch process: intermittent ops, mid-low stand/mid-low volume (ei. Education classes)
Line processes: repetitive ops, mid-high stand/mid-high volume
Continuous processes: high stand, high volume
What is a facility layout?
Spatial arrangement of an organization’s physical resources in relation to one another
What is a linear layout?
Arranges production resources linearly according to the progressive steps by which product is made
Simple logical flow, unique and unidirectional
Costly and inflexible system
Reduced amount of work-in-progress inventory
Simplified quality control
One failure can stop the whole line
Repetitive job
What is a functional layout?
Arranges production resources together according to similarity of functions
The work centres and equipment are arranged in clusters based on the operation they perform
This layout is flexible with respect to personnel and equipment
There is multidirectional and variable flow
Workforce is specialized by function
What is a cellular layout
Layout in which different machines are arranged in a cell that can process items with similar processing
Families of parts and similar flow paths are identified
Machines are grouped into cells based on the families
Cells are arranged so materials and worker movement is minimized
Considered a hybrid between linear and functional layouts
