Product Knowledge 2 Flashcards
How often does skin regenerate?
Every 28 days
What does INCI stand for?
International Nomenclature for Cosmetic Ingredients
How are product ingredients listed on labels?
In descending order based on amounts
What are cosmeceuticals?
Products intended to improve the skin’s health and appearance
What are performance ingredients?
Ingredients that ‘do the work’ like cleansing, moisturizing, or treating the skin
Give an example of a performance ingredient.
Vitamin C
What are functional ingredients?
Ingredients that make up the formula of the product
What is the most frequently used cosmetic ingredient?
Water
What is the role of emollients?
Help a product slip on the skin and prevent dehydration
What do occlusives do?
Seal the skin so water can’t escape
What is comedogenicity?
The tendency of an ingredient to cause or worsen buildup in the follicle
What are the two categories of oils?
- Earth derived
- Plant derived
What are petrolates and mineral oil known for?
Excellent protection against dehydration and irritation on the skin
What type of acids are oleic, stearic, and caprylic acids?
Fatty Acids / Lubricating Ingredients
What is a characteristic of fatty alcohols?
Not drying
What are fatty esters?
Combination of fatty acids and fatty alcohols that lubricate without greasiness
What do silicones create on the skin?
A breathable barrier
True or False: All surfactants are detergents.
False
What is the function of emulsifiers?
Keep water and oil together in a product
What is the role of preservatives in cosmetics?
Inhibit the growth of microorganisms
What is oxidation?
Process where oxygen is exposed to certain ingredients, resulting in breakdown
What do antioxidants do?
Prevent oxidation and fight free radical damage
Give an example of a chelating agent.
Disodium EDTA
What are coloring agents used for?
To enhance visual appeal of products
What do humectants do?
Attract water to the skin
What are the two types of exfoliators?
- Mechanical
- Chemical
What is the pH effect on chemical exfoliators?
Lower pH increases activity
What type of environment do enzymes work in?
Alkaline environment
What is the function of physical sunscreen?
Reflects UV rays
What are the two types of UV rays?
- UVA - aging rays
- UVB - burning rays
What is the role of chemical sunscreen?
Absorbs UV rays into the skin and converts them to heat
What are AHAs?
Alpha Hydroxy Acids. water loving, anti-aging
What are three examples of AHAs
Glycolic, Malic, Lactic
What are BHAs?
Beta Hydroxy Acids. oil loving, acne fighting
What are two examples of BHAs?
Salicylic, Sulfur, Benzoyl Peroxide
