Prodigy- Chem & Physics Flashcards
The binding of sodium and cholride is an example of what kind of bond?
Ionic
forces between oppositely charged ions (NA+, Cl - )
one of the ions will lose and electron to the other ion
What kind of bond occurs with ASA and COX?
covalent *irreversible
sharing of electrons
The rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely propotional to its molecular weight - what law
Grahams
lower molecular weight = faster diffusion
*smaller particles, spread out faster than larger molecules
Explain diffusion hypoxia
what law?
when nitrous is discontinued, it creates a large pressure gradient from lots of nitrous in the blood to now none in the alveoli
-nitrous rapidly diffuses into the alevoli, diluting the concentration of o2 there, causing diffusion hypoxia
ficks
*this is why you have to deliver a high amount of o2 when you d/c the nitrous
Vapor pressures of inhalationals
Sevo- 160
Iso- 240
Des- 669
Nitrous- 38, 700
Which chemical functional group has the general structure RCOOR?
Esters or amides?
Esters
How would you calculate the partial pressure of oxygen?
what law?
0.21 x 760 = 159.6 mmHg
Daltons
P1 + P2 + P3 = total P
Oxygen can exist only in gaseous form at room temperature. Which gas law states that for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, the product of pressure times volume is constant?
A. Charles’
B. Boyle’s
C. Dalton’s
D. Avagadro’s
B
As the partial pressure of the vapor above a liquid in a closed container increases
A. the vapor pressure of the substance decreases
B. the freezing point of the substance increases
C. the volume of the substance in the container decreases
D. the rate of vaporization will slow
Not C or A …..
D- think increased pressure above liquid = more molecules going into liquid, at some point there will be more molecules in liquid, decreasing the pressure gradient, slowing the rate of vaporization
-ITHINK lol
The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to
A. temperature
B. the molecular weight of the gas
C. gravity
D. pressure
Not B
Maybe D
A. nitrogen
B. oxygen
C. carbon dioxide
D. water
D
The concept of overpressurization during an inhalation induction is best explained by
A. Gay-Lussac’s law
B. Charles’ law
C. Boyle’s law
D. Henry’s law
D
Which of the following types of chemical bonds is the strongest?
A. van der Waals bonds
B. ionic bonds
C. covalent bonds
D. hydrogen bonds
C
What is the standard unit of force
The Newton
102g
Dyne = 1/100,00th of a Newton
Mass x acceleration = ?
Force
the greater mass an object has OR the faster it’s accelerating, the greater the force it exerts
Force/Surface Area = ?
Pressure
A Pascal is the standard unit of what?
Pressure
Pascal = 1 newton / 1 square meter
T/F- the THIRD law of thermodynaics involves absolute zero
True
fucking wonderful
When does the greatest decrease in body temp occur in the perioperative period?
During the first hour of anesthesia
-inh = vasodilation = increased blood flow to the skin = increased heat loss
Heat loss processes from greatest to least
- radation
- convection
- conduction
- evaporation
A core temp below what (in c and f) is considered hypothermia
< 36 celsius
< 96.8 F
What states that the flow of a gas or fluid through a tube increases if the diameter of the tube narrows
Bernoullis principle
riverbank
What describes the predispositon for a fluid or gas to follow acurved path at the bifurcation point of a tube?
Coanda effect
A patients body temperature decreases after being placed on a cold operating room bed. This type of heat loss is known as
A. evaporative heat loss
B. radiant heat loss
C. conductive heat loss
D. convective heat loss
C
What is 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit in degrees Celsius?
A. 72
B. 0
C. 37
D. 371.6
C
Which of the following would help decrease evaporative heat losses during anesthesia?
A. Use a fluid warmer
B. Use an in-line humidifier
C. Increase gas flow rates
D. Wrap the head in a blanket
B
How do you convert degrees Celsius into degrees Kelvin?
A. Add 273
B. Subtract 32 and divide by 1.8
C. Subtract 100
D. Divide by 1.8 and add 32
Not C…
Heat loss via the transfer of electromagnetic radiation from the body to the cooler ambient environment is referred to as
A. convective heat loss
B. evaporative heat loss
C. radiant heat loss
D. conductive heat loss
C
Which inhalational agent has a vapor pressure of about 160 mmHg?
A. sevoflurane
B. nitrous oxide
C. desflurane
D. isoflurane
A
Copper is often used in the construction of anesthetic vaporizers because it exhibits
A. low electrical conductance
B. light weight
C. high thermal conductivity
D. high electrical impedance
C
