Processor Components Flashcards
ALU
Arthimetic Logic Unit
ADD, SUBTRACT etc
AND, NOT etc
CU
Control Unit
Controls flow of data in CPU
Register
High speed memory cells
Used in fde cycle
Temporary storage
Frequent access
Program Counter Memory Address Register Current Instruction Register Memory Data/Buffer Register Accumulator
Bus
Parallel wires
Connect processor to main memory to other parts
Control, Data, Address
Opcode, Operand
Type of instructions, data to be executed (actual data or address of data)
Fetch, Decode, Execute
Address of instruction copied from PC to MAR
Instruction at address from RAM
PC is incremented
Moved to MDR/MBR
Copied to CIR
Instruction at CIR decoded
Opcode carried out on data, ALU often used
Processor performance
Clock speed, cores, caches and pipelining
Assembly language
Low level language
Opcode and operand
Opcode = mnemonics
Von Neumann Architecture
Data and instructions in same memory
1 bus to transfer them
Used in PCs
Harvard Architecture
Separate memories for data and instructions
Parallel buses
Used in embedded systems
Can have different word lengths
CISC
Complex instruction set computers
1 instruction = many subtasks
Translate easily, little amount of memory used
Special instructions designed into hardware
RISC
1 simple instruction executed at a time
Pipelining is possible
More complex to translate, large amount of memory needed
Co processor system
Extra processor to perform specific task
eg GPU
Secondary Storage
Hard Disk, Optical Disk, Solid State Storage
Contemporary Processor Architecture
Uses VN and H
Modern computers
