Processing Flashcards
Is eukaryotic mRNA monocistronic or polycistronic?
monocistronic
What type of RNA contains inosine? What can inosine bind to?
tRNA
A, C and U
What is the function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases?
to link tRNAs for their amino acid
80S?
human, cytosolic
55S?
human, mitochondrial
70S?
bacteria
What is the first tRNA beginning protein translation?
tRNA-met
What is eIF2a activated by?
GTP
What binds tRNA-met? What is this complex called?
eIF2a-GTP
ternary complex
What does the ternary complex bind?
small ribosomal subunit
What binds to the small ribosomal subunit?
mRNA
What marks the transition between the pre-initiation complex to the initiation complex?
binding of a large ribosomal subunit and GTP hydrolysis
When does elongation begin?
once tRNA-met binds to the P site
Where does the second amino acid go? WHat places it there? What provides the energy for this process?
E-site
EF-1
GTP
What protein aids the ribosome in moving one codon of the mRNA?
EF-2
The uncharged tRNA leaves the ribosome at what site?
E-site
What is the one amino acid a stop codon can code for?
selenocysteine
What protein pairs with a stop codon in the A site?
eukaryotic release factor
What is hydrolyzed on eRF to terminate translation?
GTP
How does streptomycin inhibit bacterial growth?
inhibits bacterial ribosome small unit and inhibits initiation
How do both neomycin and gentomycin function?
by causing mistranslation of codons
How does tetracycline function?
binds in A site.
inhibits tRNA binding
What is the MOA of chloramphenicol?
prevents peptidyl bond formation
How does ricin work?
removes adenine bases from rRNA large subunit