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AST > Procedures > Flashcards

Procedures Flashcards

1
Q
A

A. Right Upper Paramedian

B. Left Lower Paramedian

C. Right Subcostal

D. Right Midline Transverse

E. Pfannenstiel (Suprapubic)

G. Lower Longitudinal midline

H. McBurney’s

I. Right Inguinal Oblique

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2
Q

Nissen Fundoplication

A

Correct a hiatal hernia

The fundus of the stomach is wrapped around the esophagus. A maloney dilator are used to hold it in place. The dilator is removed and replaced by nasogastric tube, and 2-0 silk is used.

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3
Q

Subtotal gastrectomy

A

Billroth I and Billroth II

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4
Q

Billroth I

A

Removal of the distal portion of the stomach and pylorus and reanastomosis to the duodenum (Gastroduodenostomy)

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5
Q

Billroth II

A

Removal of the distal portion of the stomach and pylorus, reanastomosis to the jejunum (Gastrojejunostomy)

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6
Q

Whipple (Pancreaticoduodenectomy)

A

Removal of the head of the pancreas and duodenum (They share the same blood supply) and distal 1/3 of the stomach.It’s done because of cancer in the head of the pancreas

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7
Q

What stage is a 2cm or less breast tumor

A

Stage I

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8
Q

What stage is a greater than 2cm but less than 5cm breast tumor (No distal spread)

A

Stage II

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9
Q

What stage is a breast tumor up to 5cm with homolateral spread

A

Stage III

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10
Q

What stage of breast cancer is a tumor of any dimesion with distant metastases

A

Stage IV

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11
Q

Episiotomy

A

Intentional surgical incision in the vulva to prevent unintentional perineal lacerations

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12
Q

Cervical Cerclage

A

Placing large diameter Darcon or Mersilene tape around the uterus to prevent spontaneous abortion

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13
Q

Colporrhaphy

A

Cystocele, rectoceles (prolapse of the bladder, rectum into the vagina)

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14
Q

Salpingo

A

Fallopian Tubes

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15
Q

oophorectomy

A

Removal of the ovaries

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16
Q

Gastrostomy

A

Surgical creation of an opening from the gastric mucosa to the skin (Fistula)

Done for Gastric ulcers, and neoplasms

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17
Q

Truncal Vagotomy

A

To reduce gastric output. Truncal, Selective, Proximal (Parietal)

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18
Q

Meckel’s Diverticulum

A

Diverticulum of the small bowel

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19
Q

Splenectomy

A

Suspensory Splenic Ligaments are divided, Short Gastric Veins are divided, Splenic artery followed by vein are ligated.

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20
Q

Sclerotheropy

A

Injection into small varicose veins

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21
Q

Extrinsic Muscles

A

6 Muscles That move the eye

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22
Q

Glaucoma

A

Leading cause of blindness, Increased pressure because aqueous fluid isn’t able to exit the anterior chamber

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23
Q

Cataract

A

A crystalline lens that has become opaque do to trauma or age

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24
Q

Retina Detachment

A

Partial to complete vision loss. Rentia becomes detached from the choroid

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25
Q

Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy (PVR)

A

Excessive scar tissue causing scleral buckles and detaches the retina

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26
Q

Chalazion

A

lump on the inner or outer surface of the eyelid

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27
Q

Pterygium

A

Wedge-shaped fibrovascular growth of the conjuctiva that extends onto the cornea.

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28
Q

Dacryocystitis

A

Inflammation of the lacrimal sac

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29
Q

Strabismus

A

Misalignment of the eyes, cross eyed (esotropia), Wall eyed (exotropia)

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30
Q

Mydrasis

A

Pupil dilation

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31
Q

Miotics

A

Pupil Contractions

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32
Q

Entropion

A

Inversion of the lower lid

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33
Q

Ptosis

A

Drooping of the upper eyelid

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34
Q

Trabeculoplasty

A

Open-angled glaucoma (OAG), Used to lower the pressure in the eye (Nd:YAG, or Argon laser)

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35
Q

Dacryocystorhinostomy

A

Assist in drainage of tears by diverting tears to the middle meatus of the nose

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36
Q

Enucleation

A

Excision of the eye

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37
Q

Keratoplasty

A

Corneal Transplant

38
Q

Phacoemulsification

A

Ultrasonic energy to emulsifiy the lens while irrigating and aspirating simultaneously

39
Q

Vitrectomy

A

Microsurgery to repair a retinal detachment (removal of vitreous gel)

40
Q

Myringotomy (Tympanotomy)

A

An incision into the tympanic membrane to remove fluid

41
Q

Myringoplasty/Tympanoplasty

A

Repair of the tympanic membrane

42
Q

Mastoidectomy

A

Removal of the boney partitions that form the mastoid air cells

43
Q

Stapedectomy

A

The surgical intervention of choice for PT with otosclerosis. It’s the removal of the stapes through a transaural or retroauricular incision.

44
Q

Sphenoid Bone location

A

Behind Zygomatic Process

45
Q

Ethmoid Bone Location

A

Between the nose bridge and eye orbitals

46
Q

Hypertrophied Turbinates

A

Permanent enlargment of the turbinates

47
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleeding

48
Q

Submucous Redection (SMR)

A

Structures under the mucous layer of the nasal cavity are excised to improve breathing

49
Q

Septoplasty

A

Straightening of a deviated spetum or repair of a perforated septum

50
Q

Intranasal Antrostomy

A

Treat sinusitis, or remove reoccuring polyps. An opening into the maxiallry sinus through the nasoantral wall of the maxilla just below the inferior turbinate.

51
Q

Caldwell-Luc

A

A radical type of antrostomy with an incision in the canine fossa on the maxillary sinus. The purpose is to remove diseased portions of the antral wall. (contraindicated in children whose permanent teeth haven’t come in)

52
Q

Ethmoidectomy

A

Ethmoid can be reached through the nose or through the inner canthus of the eye, on the effected side

53
Q

Sphenoidectomy

A

The sphenoid bone is reached through the ethmoid bone (either intranasally or externally)

54
Q

Palatine Tonsils

A

The tonsils that are most commonly removed (located at each edge of the fauces)

55
Q

Lingual Tonsils

A

Located the the posterior base of the tongue

56
Q

Pharyngeal tonsils

A

Commonly referred to as the adnoids

57
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

Breif interruptions in respirations during sleep

58
Q

Polypoid Corditis

A

Can result from chronic laryngitis (polyps on the vocal chords)

59
Q

Vocal Chord Nodules

A

General results from vocal chord abuse

60
Q

CROUP

A

Laryngotracheobronchitis (Evident in children under 3, symptom of a barking cough)

61
Q

Zenker’s Diverticulum

A

Diverticulum of the esophagus

62
Q

Two types of teeth

A

Permanent (16) and Denciduous (10)…26 total teeth

63
Q

Le Fort I Fracture

A

Alveolar process of the maxilla is separated horizontally from the base of the skull (most common)

Bilateral fracture of the maxilla

64
Q

Le Fort II Fracture (panfacial)

A

Lefort I fracture that vertically extends up upward ti the nasal and ethmoid bones

65
Q

Le Fort III Fracture (Panfacial)

A

Fracture line extends transversely from the zygomatic arch to the orbits

66
Q

Odontectomy

A

Tooth extraction

67
Q

Osteotomies

A

Holes made in bone (bur holes in a crani)

68
Q

Subaceous Glands

A

Oil Glands

69
Q

Sudoriferous Glands

A

Sweat Glands

70
Q

Apocine Glands

A

Sweat glands of the genitalia and axillae, ducts open through hair follicles

71
Q

Merocrine Glands

A

Sweat glands that open directly to the skin (Most numerous)

72
Q

Carpal Bones

A

Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

73
Q

Cheiloschisis

A

Cleft lip (Upper)

74
Q

Palatoschisis

A

Cleft Palate

75
Q

Radial Dysplasia (Hypoplasia)

A

Deformaties of thumb range

76
Q

Syndactyly

A

Webbed fingers/toes

77
Q

Polydactyly

A

A duplication of a digit

78
Q

Trigger Finger

A

The locking of digits

79
Q

Dupuytren’s Disease

A

Signified by nodules or dimpling in the palm of the hand (fingers permanently contract)

80
Q

Ganglion cyst

A

A benign lesion that’s filled with synovial fluid. Found at almost any tendon sheath or joint in the hand or wrist.

81
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

An autoimmune disease that attacks synovial joints and causes inflammation

82
Q

Gynecomastia

A

The formation of “women like” breast in males

83
Q

Oscillating

A

Back and forth motion (Larger blade)

84
Q

Reciprocating Saw

A

Up and down motion (smaller saw)

85
Q

Rhytidectomy

86
Q

Mentoplasty

A

Chin, repair/implant

87
Q

Dermabrasion

A

Smoothing a skin surface that has been scared, facial wrinkles and tattoo removal

88
Q

Augmentation Mammoplasty

A

Breast implantation

89
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

A

Overproduction of cortisol by the cortex of the adrenal gland. Due to an over production of ACTH by the pituitary gland

90
Q

Addison’s Disease

A

Hypoproduction of the adrenal gland

91
Q

Most common Calci

A

Calcium Based

AST (12 decks)

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