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Kettering > Procedures > Flashcards

Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

location of the greater trochanter

A

level of symphysis pubis

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2
Q

location of the mastoid process

A

C1

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3
Q

location of the ASIS

A

S1

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4
Q

location of the thyroid cartilage

A

C4-C5

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5
Q

location of the iliac crest

A

L4-5

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6
Q

location of the vertebral prominens

A

C7

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7
Q

location of the umbilicus

A

L3-4

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8
Q

location of the sternal (jugular) notch

A

T2-3

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9
Q

location of the lower costal margin

A

L1-2

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10
Q

location of the sternal angle

A

T4-5

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11
Q

location of the xiphoid process

A

T10

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12
Q

location of the inferior angle of the scapula

A

T7

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13
Q

angle for Towne

A

30 caudal

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14
Q

what does Towne demonstrate

A

base of the skull (occipital / posterior region)

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15
Q

which skull projection shows the dorsum sellae and posterior clinoid process projected within the foramen magnum

A

AP axial Towne

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16
Q

Caldwell angulation

A

15 caudal

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17
Q

which projection demonstrates the petrous ridges in the lower third of the orbits

A

PA axial Caldwell

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18
Q

which skull projection will have the petrous ridges filling the orbits

A

PA

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19
Q

parietoacantial projection is also known as

A

Waters

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20
Q

angle for Towne at IOML

A

37 degrees caudal

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21
Q

CR enters where for lateral skull

A

2 inches superior to EAM

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22
Q

where does CR exit for PA axial skull

A

nasion

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23
Q

what is parallel with IR for SMV

A

IOML

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24
Q

for parietoacanthial projection the OML forms a ___ degree with the IR

A

37 degree

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25
Q

where does CR exit for parietoacanthial projection

A

acanthion

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26
Q

where are petrous ridges for parietoacanthial projection

A

completely inferior to the maxillary sinuses

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27
Q

for modified parietoacanthial projection the OML forms a ___ degree with the IR

A

55 degree

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28
Q

what is used to display a blowout fracture of the orbits

A

modified parietoacanthial

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29
Q

what is affected by a blowout fracture of the orbit

A

inferior margin

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30
Q

CR angle for axiolateral oblique of mangible

A

25 degrees cephalic

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31
Q

what does parietoacanthial display for nasal bones

A

bony nasal septum and roof of nasal cavity

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32
Q

PA axial paranasal sinuses will show

A

frontal and anterior ethmoid sinuses

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33
Q

which sinus projection will show all 4 sets of sinuses at once

A

lateral

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34
Q

parietoacanthial for sinuses will demonstrate

A

maxillary sinus

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35
Q

open mouth parietoacanthial will demonstrate

A

sphenoid sinus through the open mouth

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36
Q

angle for AP axial C spine

A

15-20 cephalic to level of C4

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37
Q

which 2 obliques best demonstrate the left cervical intervertebral foramina

A

LAO and RPO

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38
Q

which 2 obliques best demonstrate the right cervical intervertebral foramina

A

RAO and LPO

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39
Q

lateral cervicothoracic projection is also known as

A

swimmers

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40
Q

best projection to demonstrate cervical ribs

A

AP T spine

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41
Q

if breathing technique is not used for lateral T spine, how should exposure breathing be taken

A

end of expiration

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42
Q

what does lateral T spine demonstrate

A

vertebral bodies, intervertebral joints, intervertebral foramina

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43
Q

exams that use breathing technique

A

lateral T spine, RAO sternum, AP scapula, transthoracic humeral head (Lawrence method), lateral soft tissue neck

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44
Q

AP or PA scoliosis series is also known as

A

Ferguson method

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45
Q

scoliosis is an abnormal _____ curvature of the spine

A

lateral

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46
Q

where does CR enter for AP PA L spine

A

L4-5

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47
Q

forward displacement of 1 vertebrae on top of another vertebrae

A

spondylolysthesis

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48
Q

what does L5-S1 spot demonstrate

A

spondylolisthesis

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49
Q

best view to demonstrate spondylolisthesis

A

L5-S1 spot

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50
Q

average male angle for L5-S1 spot

A

3-5 caudal

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51
Q

average female angle L5-S1 spot

A

5-8 caudal

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52
Q

ear of scotty dog represents

A

superior articular process

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53
Q

eye of scotty dog represents

A

pedicle

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54
Q

neck of scotty dog represents

A

pars interarticularis

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55
Q

nose of scotty dog represents

A

transverse process

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56
Q

leg of scotty dog represents

A

inferior articular process

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57
Q

where to inject for myelogram

A

subarachnoid space

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58
Q

how is the injection done for myelogram

A

intrathecal

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59
Q

intrathecal meaning

A

within the spinal canal

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60
Q

at what level is injection made for myelogram

A

L3-4 interspace

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61
Q

lower border of L1 is known as

A

conusmedullaris

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62
Q

for a cervical myelogram what level do you inject

A

C1 C2 interspace

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63
Q

primary pathology of myelogram is

A

herniated nucleus puposus (slipped disk)

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64
Q

degree of oblique for CI joints

A

25-30 side of interest up

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65
Q

CR enters where for oblique SI joint

A

1 inch medial and 1.5 inch distal to upside ASIS

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66
Q

how to rotate foot for AP hip

A

foot and leg internally rotated 15 degrees

67
Q

CR enters where for AP hip

A

a point 2.5 inches distal to the midpoint of line drawn from pubis symphisis to ASIS

68
Q

how many degrees from vertical is leg abducted for modified cleaves

A

40-45 from vertical

69
Q

what to do when AP pelvis shows lesser trochanters

A

rotate feet inward 15-20 degrees toward midline

70
Q

what bears the weight of the body when a patient is seated

A

ishial tuberosity

71
Q

where is CR directed for AP pelvis

A

2 inches superior to symphysis pubis

72
Q

male CR for outlet

A

20-35 cephalic and 2 in distal to superior border of symphysis pubis

73
Q

female CR for outlet

A

30-45 cephalic and 2 in distal to the superior border of symphysis pubis

74
Q

for Judet, affected side down is for

A

fractures

75
Q

for Judet, affected side up is for

A

dislocation

76
Q

which ribs should be shown for full inspiration of chest AP or PA

A

9-10 posterior ribs

77
Q

purpose of AP lordotic chest

A

show apices of the lungs without superimposition of the clavicles

78
Q

angle for lordotic chest

A

15-20 cephalic

79
Q

ET tube should not extend past the

A

carina

80
Q

at what level does the carina bifurcate

A

T5

81
Q

how far superior should ET tube stop above carina

A

2 inches or 5 cm superior to carina

82
Q

lower ribs CR enters where

A

T10

83
Q

AP oblique ribs show axillary portion ____ to the IR

A

closest

84
Q

PA oblique ribs show axillary portion ____ to the IR

A

farthest

85
Q

RAO body oblique

A

15-20

86
Q

SID for RAO sternum

A

30 in

87
Q

CR for RAO sternum

A

2-3 inches to the left of the spine

88
Q

hyperstenic patient less or more oblique for RAO sternum

A

less oblique

89
Q

what is the purpose of performing the sternum in the RAO position

A

trying to project the sternum through the homogeneous heart shadow

90
Q

what is used to move the bowels during soft tissue neck

A

valsalva maneuver

91
Q

reasons for performing the valsalva maneuver

A

hiatal hernia, esophogeal varices, esophogeal reflux

92
Q

what is joint is being remonstrated on PA oblique SC joints

A

affected side down

93
Q

IR centered where for upright KUB

A

2-3 inches above iliac crest

94
Q

what view is used to demonstrate intra peritoneal air

A

AP upright abdomen

95
Q

why do you do left side down only for lateral decub abdomen

A

to show free air under the right hemidiaphragm and not to be confused with any air in the stomach

96
Q

which position in upper GI will demonstrate the duodenal bulb and the C-loop of the duodenum

A

RAO

97
Q

how to demonstrate or rule out hiatal hernia on upper GI

A

trendelenburg

98
Q

examples of times examinations

A

small bowel, IVU

99
Q

what pathology is best demonstrated by using double contrast BE?

A

polyp

100
Q

enema tipping position

A

Sims

101
Q

how to direct tip for enema tipping

A

anteriorly and superiorly

102
Q

for BE, area of interest on posterior obliques is the side ____ to/from IR

A

furthest from IR

103
Q

for BE, area of interest on anterior obliques is the side ____ to/from the IR

A

closest to the IR

104
Q

angle for AP axial sigmoid colon

A

30-40 cephalic

105
Q

why do you perform the AP or PA axial sigmoid colon

A

demonstrates the rectosigmoid colon

106
Q

entrance point for ERCP

A

duodenal papilla

107
Q

voiding position for females in VCUG

A

AP

108
Q

voiding position for males in VCUG

A

30 degree RPO

109
Q

primary reason for doing hysterosalpingography

A

infertility

110
Q

oblique rotation for foot

A

30 degrees

111
Q

oblique rotation of the toe

A

30-45 degrees

112
Q

what is shown on medial oblique of foot

A

cuboid, lateral cuniform, 4th and 5th metatarsals

113
Q

what projection demonstrates the joint viability of the feet and the longitudinal arch

A

lateral weight bearing

114
Q

how should you perform routine longitudinal arches of the feet (projection)

A

lateralmedial projection

115
Q

CR angle for plantodorsal axial calcaneus

A

40 degrees at the level of the base of the 3rd metatarsal

116
Q

mortise degree of oblique

A

15 to 20 internally

117
Q

mortise is made up of what

A

open joint space of tibia, fibula, and talus

118
Q

where can you find trimalleolar fracture

A

ankle

119
Q

how to get entire long bone for tib fib

A

increase SID and rotate IR diagonally

120
Q

what structures form the knee joint

A

medial and lateral femoral condyles and medial and lateral tibial condyles

121
Q

when to use 3-5 caudal angle for AP knee

A

under 19 cm ASIS to tabletop

122
Q

when to use perpendicular beam for AP knee

A

19-24 cm ASIS to tabletop

123
Q

when to use 3-5 cephalic angle for AP knee

A

over 24 cm ASIS to tabletop

124
Q

why use angle for AP knee

A

CR parallel to tibial plateau

125
Q

CR enters where for lateral knee

A

half inch distal to the medial epicondyle

126
Q

angle for lateral knee

A

5-7 cephalic

127
Q

how is knee flexed for lateral knee

A

20-30 degree flexion

128
Q

degree of oblique for oblique knee

A

45 degrees

129
Q

what does medial oblique knee demonstrate

A

open proximal tibiofibular joint space without superimposition

130
Q

patient is kneeling on all fours method for ICF

A

Homblad

131
Q

patient is lying prone method for ICF

A

camp coventry

132
Q

CR is perpendicular to what for ICF

A

lower leg

133
Q

what does lateral patella demonstrate

A

transverse fractures

134
Q

what does settegast or merchant demonstrate

A

vertical fracture of patella

135
Q

what methods are considered tangential projections of patella

A

merchant and settegast

136
Q

tangential projection of the patella will best demonstrate what

A

vertical fractures of the patella

137
Q

do not attempt tangential knee until you rule out which fracture

A

transverse fracture of the patella

138
Q

how does 1st digit sit for PA hand

A

medial oblique

139
Q

how is hand positioned for PA wrist

A

pronated with flexed fingers to reduce OID

140
Q

any view for the scaphoid, the hand must be placed

A

ulnar deviation

141
Q

angle for stetcher

A

20 degrees

142
Q

what is the name of the nerve that causes pain in carpal tunnel syndrome

A

median nerve

143
Q

why is AP preferred for forearm

A

prevent the superimposition of proximal radius and ulna

144
Q

what part of the distal humerus articulates with the ulna

A

trochlea

145
Q

what part of the distal humerus articulates with the radius

A

capitulum

146
Q

acronym for elbow articulations

A

U R
Too Cute

147
Q

what is in profile in a lateral elbow

A

olecranon process

148
Q

which view will best demonstrate fat pad displacement of elbow

A

lateral

149
Q

what view will demonstrate the olecranon and coronoid processes of the elbow

A

medial internal oblique

150
Q

AP projection of the humerus, what will be in profile

A

greater tubercle in profile laterally

151
Q

lateral projection of the humerus, what will be in profile

A

lesser tubercle in profile medially

152
Q

on a Y, if the humeral head sits below the coracoid it is a ____ dislocation

A

anterior

153
Q

on a Y, if the humeral head sits below the acromium it is a ____ dislocation

A

posterior

154
Q

lawrence method is also known as the

A

transthoracic lateral humeral head

155
Q

where is CR directed for lawrence method

A

surgical neck of the affected humerus

156
Q

what will internal shoulder rotation display in profile

A

lesser tubercle in profile medially

157
Q

what will external shoulder rotation display in profile

A

greater tubercle in profile laterally

158
Q

rotation for Grashey

A

35-45 toward the affected side

159
Q

how is hand positioned for AP scapula

A

supinated

160
Q

how is arm positioned for AP scapula

A

abducted to form right angle with chest

161
Q

where does CR enter for shoulder AP

A

1 inch inferior to coracoid process

162
Q

angle for AP axial clavicle

A

15-30 cephalic

163
Q

what is pearson method used for

A

AC joints

Kettering (5 decks)

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