Problem Solving & Creativity

Question 1

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 1

From general to specific, no new information added

Question 2

Inductive Reasoning

Answer 2

From specific to general, can result in conclusions that contains new info

Question 3

Availability Heuristic

Answer 3

Suggests that decisions are based on how common or available an event is believed to be

Question 4

Representative Heuristic

Answer 4

Assumes that what is typical is also the most likely

Question 5

Gambler’s Fallacy

Answer 5

Assumes that “luck” must turn their way after a certain number of plays

Question 6

Base Rate Fallacy

Answer 6

Come to the wrong answer or conclusion based on a faulty assumption of the likelihood of events

Question 7

Confirmation Bias

Answer 7

Look for confirmation of a belief with selective information to form a biased opinion

Question 8

Algorithm

Answer 8

A systematic procedure for solving a problem because it investigates all possible solutions

Question 9

Heuristics

Answer 9

Limit or decrease the number of possible answers to a problem

Question 10

Analogy

Answer 10

Use the solution from one problem to solve another

Question 11

Anchoring and Adjustment Heuristic

Answer 11

Tendency to make adjustments from some anchor point using the available information

Question 12

Mental Set

Answer 12

Tendency to adopt certain framework, strategy, or procedure; to see things in a certain way instead of in other equally plausible ways