Problem set 4 and 5 Flashcards
if a species has no teeth, no urinary bladder, and females have
only one ovary, what group does that species belong to?
amphibians
non-bird reptiles
mammals
birds
chondrichthyans
Birds
Unlike eutherians, both monotremes and marsupials:
lack nipples
have some embryonic development outside the mother’s uterus.
lay eggs.
are found in Australia and Africa.
include only insectivores and herbivores.
have some embryonic development outside the mother’s uterus.
The fact that marsupial and eutherian mammals have a number of similar-looking species even though they evolved along separate mammalian lineages is due to:
divergent evolution
coincidence
genetic recombination
reverse evolution
convergent evolution
convergent evolution
Which of the following is not a true statement concerning the order Primata?
Early species were small arboreal mammals.
Their traits were shaped by the demands of living in trees.
They descended from insectivores late in the Cretaceous period.
All of the above are true statements.
All of the above are true statements.
How are primates different from all other mammals?
Only primates have placental embryonic development.
Only primates have hairy bodies.
Only primates have arboreal lifestyles.
Only primates produce milk.
Only primates have opposable thumbs in many species.
Only primates have opposable thumbs in many species.
The growth rings that contribute to the diameter or girth of a tree are the result of:
primary growth
apical meristems
secondary growth
sclerenchyma
secondary growth
Growth that results in an increase in the girth of a plant is what kind of growth?
primary
longitudinal
radial
lateral
secondary
secondary
Annual rings are distinct traits in plants growing in:
temperate regions
grasslands
tropical regions
arctic regions
desert regions
temperate regions
Which of the following statements about phloem tissue is correct?
Phloem tissue distributes water and minerals absorbed by the roots to the rest of the plant.
The sugar-conducting cells of the phloem are alive at functional maturity.
Phloem may be primary or secondary, but in either case the sieve elements are nonliving cells.
The sugar-conducting cells of the phloem are alive at functional maturity.
What effect does pruning or “pinching back” have on a houseplant?
It increases apical dominance.
It inhibits the growth of axillary buds.
It makes the plant grow fuller.
It makes the plant grow taller.
It increases the flow of auxin down the shoot.
It makes the plant grow fuller.
Which of the following phenomena is/are involved in the ascent of xylem sap?
adhesion
cohesion
transpiration
all of the above
all of the above
Some botanists argue that the entire plant should be considered as a single unit rather than a composite of many individual cells. Which of the following structures best supports this view?
the cell wall
the vacuole
the cell membrane
the plasmodesmata
the cytosol
the plasmodesmata
Which of the following statements is false about bulk flow?
It is more effective than diffusion over distances greater than 100 μm.
It depends on the force of gravity on a column of water.
It may be the result of either positive or negative pressure potential.
It is driven primarily by pressure potential.
It depends on the force of gravity on a column of water.
The process involved in converting a microsporocyte to a microspore is:
fertilization
mitosis
meiosis
pollination
meiosis
Plants can use several mechanisms to reduce the chances of self-fertilization. Which of the following is not one of these mechanisms?
the formation of dioecious plants
stamen and carpels that mature at different times
brightly colored bracts that replace petals
self-incompatibility
anthers and stigma that are structurally arranged to prevent pollen transfer in the same flower
brightly colored bracts that replace petals
How many mitotic divisions are required for conversion of the megaspore to the female gametophyte?
one
two
three
four
eight
three
Plant hormones:
exist in very large amounts in a plant.
change their shape in response to a stimulus.
are unable to move from one cell to another.
affect only cells with the appropriate receptor.
are not involved in signal transduction pathways.
affect only cells with the appropriate receptor.
Which of the following conclusions is supported by the research of both Went and Charles and Francis Darwin on shoot responses to light?
When shoots are exposed to light, a chemical substance migrates toward the light.
A chemical substance involved in shoot bending is produced in shoot tips.
Once shoot tips have been cut, normal growth cannot be induced.
Light stimulates the synthesis of a plant hormone that responds to light
A chemical substance involved in shoot bending is produced in shoot tips.
Plants growing in a partially dark environment will grow toward light in a response called phototropism. Which statement regarding phototropism is incorrect?
It is caused by a chemical signal.
One chemical involved in auxin.
Auxin causes a decrease in growth on the side of the stem exposed to light.
Removing the apical meristem prevents phototropism.
Auxin causes a decrease in growth on the side of the stem exposed to light.
A coleoptile is grown with unidirectional light coming from the left. If an opaque (solid) cap is placed on the tip of the growing plant, what will happen to the coleoptile?
It will stop growing taller.
It will grow taller and be straight, not bending.
It will grow taller and bend to the right.
It will grow taller and bend to the left.
It will change color.
It will grow taller and be straight, not bending.
