Problem 6 Flashcards
What are binding moral foundations ?
They refer to strong commitments to principles, which unite individuals into collectives hat allow families, societies etc to thrive/grow
–> e.g.: obedience, loyalty, purity etc
Moral foundation theory (MFT)
Suggests that there are 5 psychological moral foundations on which most cultures build their systems of morality
- loyalty vs betrayal
- authority vs subversion
- purity vs degradation
- care vs harm
- fairness vs cheating
Limitations to the binding moral foundations ?
It might produce the motivation + justification necessary for people to withhold help from/directly harm out-group members
Pros on binding moral foundations
- Increases ones commitment to helping other people
- Accounts for why the worlds largest religions are still in power
Social Cognitive perspective of moral identity
Refers to an assumption that people whose moral identities are more accessible within the working self concept are more likely to behave in a manner consistent with their conceptions
Circle of moral regard
Refers to the psychological boundaries that people draw around all those people they deem worthy of moral consideration
What are the 3 ways to override/ameliorate our intuitive responses ?
1. Conscious verbal reasoning
–> cost-benefit ratio
2. Reframing a situation to see a new angle/ consequence
3. Social interaction
–> talking to other people who raise new arguments
Morality
Refers to a set of principles that indicate what is right/wrong or good/bad behavior
–> ties individuals to a certain type of group/community
Indirect reciprocity
Refers to an interaction between individuals in which the virtue pays by improving ones reputation
–> elicits later cooperation from others
=> solves the problem of fee-riders
Moral judgment
Refers to judgment that has moral content
–> used to evaluate situations, courses of action, persons, behavior, etc.
Moral reasoning
Refers to the conscious mental activity by which one evaluates a moral judgment for its consistency with other moral commitments
Social intuitionist model (SIM)
(Haidt)
States that moral judgment is predominantly intuitive, driven primarily by automatic emotional responses that are effortless + produced by unconscious processes
–> 3 types of psychological processes are interconnected
a) Intuition
b) Judgment
c) Reasoning
- moral positions/judgements are primarily intuitive, then rationalized
- often influenced and sometimes changed by discussing such positions/judgements with others
=> de-emphasizes the role of reasoning in reaching moral conclusions
Moral identity
Refers to the degree to which being a moral person is important to an individual’s identity
–> schemas of the moral self
e.g.: high levels have more respect for rights + welfare of others
Moral awareness
Refers to a persons determination that a situation contains moral content and can be considered from a moral point of view
–> is important in perceiving ones own behavior as well as the behavior of others
Dual process model of moral judgment
(Greene)
Suggests 2 ubiquitous + qualitatively different modes of moral thinking that depend on different systems in the brain
- Deontologcial moral judgements
- Utilitarian consequentialist judgments